Fakir Azizuddin
Fakir Aziz ud-Din (}} ; ; 1780–1845) was a physician, linguist, diplomat, and foreign minister at the court of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He belonged to a Sayyid family. He was a Muslim and one of the many non-Sikhs in Ranjit Singh's secular government of the Sikh Empire.He was the eldest son of Hakīm Ghulām Mohy ud-Dīn and had two brothers, Nūr ud-Dīn and Imām ud-Dīn. Both had senior military posts in the empire. He was apprenticed as a physician, and was originally known by the title ''Hakīm'' (physician). Later in life he adopted the title ''Fakir'' (beggar), as a mark of humility, that title appearing in British correspondence after 1826.
His first contact with Ranjit Singh was as a physician. The Maharaja was impressed by his medical skill and proficiency in languages – Arabic, Persian and English – and granted him a jagir and a position at court. His first major assignment was to assist the Maharaja in the negotiations with the British which led to the Treaty of Amritsar, 1809. Between 1810 and 1838 there followed a great number of diplomatic assignments and tasks as an interpreter. The Maharaja had complete trust in him and rewarded him with honours and jagirs.
Aziz ud-Din continued in the service of the Sikh Empire after the death of Ranjit Singh. In December 1839 he represented Maharaja Kharak Singh on a mission to the British Governor-General, Lord Auckland. In 1842, on behalf of Maharaja Sher Singh, he welcomed the new Governor-General, Lord Ellenborough, at Firozpur. He remained scrupulously aloof from the factional intrigues which had overtaken the Empire after Ranjit Singh's death.
Saddened at the turn events had taken and by the death of two of his sons, Aziz ud-Din died in Lahore on 3 December 1845, aged 65. Provided by Wikipedia
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Analogies in the social construction of the US-North Korean security dilemma by Er, Win Tan
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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282
Iran and the Caucasian crisis: The war between Russia and Georgia (August 2008) by Darvishi, Farhad
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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283
The diversity of Asia and the future of Asian integration by Takashi, Miyazaki
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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284
Assessing the socio-economic benefits of public R&D activities in Malaysia by Abdul Jalil, Ahmad Zafarullah, Abdul Karim, Noor Al-Huda, Hassan, Sallahuddin
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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285
Learning from Taiwan's experience in industrial development by Abdul Karim, Noor Al-Huda, Nadarajan, Sivasegaran
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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286
The politicization of ethnic sentiments in Southern Thailand: The case of the Malay Muslims by Taya, Shamsuddin L.
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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287
Examining the role of perceived social support on psychological adjustment of international students in a Malaysian public university by Mohd Yusof, Yusliza, Jauhar, Junaimah, Chelliah, Shankar
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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288
International student experience in a Malaysian public university: Self-efficacy and socio-cultural adjustment by Mohd Yusoff, Yusliza, Nadrajah, Shanti
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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289
The dynamics of resource conflict: Lessons from Nigeria and Malaysia by Ahmadu, Hamman J., Yusof, Rohana
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290
Branding Mauritius - Is it something that we need? by Kasean, Hemant, Gungaphul, Mridula
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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291
Enhancing higher education through quality assurance - A case study of the University of Mauritius by Kassean, Hemant
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292
Perspectives on CSR from Mauritius - An emerging economy by Kassen, Hemant, Juwaheer, TD
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293
The adoption on ICTs in women-owned SMEs in Mauritius by Gungaphul, Mridula, Kassean, Hemant
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294
Small business formation: The case of Mauritian entrepreneurs by Gungaphul, Mridula, Kassean, Hemant
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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295
Oral communication apprehension in English among Jordanian postgraduate students in Universiti Utara Malaysia by Mohammad Huwari, Ibrahim Fathi, Abd Aziz, Noor Hashima
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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296
Higher education as engine of economic growth and regional integration: The emergence of the new APEX university in Malaysia by Campbell, James
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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297
Politics and ethnicity: Framing racial discrimination in Singapore by Gomez, James
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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298
Strategies and performance of New Mexican emerging multinational enterprises by Hernandez, Jose G. Vargas
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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299
A model of higher education institutions choice in Malaysia - A conceptual approach by Sia, Joseph Kee Ming
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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300
The efficacy of power sharing politics in Zimbabwe: Lessons from Malaysia by Zengeni, Knocks Tapiwa
Published 2010Other Authors: “…Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin…”
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