Jainism
Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four ''tirthankara''s (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, whom the tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third ''tirthankara'' Parshvanatha, whom historians date to the 9th century BCE, and the twenty-fourth ''tirthankara'' Mahavira, around 600 BCE. Jainism is considered an eternal ''dharma'' with the ''tirthankaras'' guiding every time cycle of the cosmology. Central to understanding Jain philosophy is the concept of ''bhedvigyān'', or the clear distinction in the nature of the soul and non-soul entities. This principle underscores the innate purity and potential for liberation within every soul, distinct from the physical and mental elements that bind it to the cycle of birth and rebirth. Recognizing and internalizing this separation is essential for spiritual progress and the attainment of ''samyak darshan'' or self realization, which marks the beginning of the aspirant's journey towards liberation. The three main pillars of Jainism are ''ahiṃsā'' (non-violence), ''anekāntavāda'' (non-absolutism), and ''aparigraha'' (asceticism).Jain monks take five main vows: ''ahiṃsā'' (non-violence), ''satya'' (truth), ''asteya'' (not stealing), ''brahmacharya'' (chastity), and ''aparigraha'' (non-possessiveness). These principles have affected Jain culture in many ways, such as leading to a predominantly lacto-vegetarian lifestyle. ''Parasparopagraho jīvānām'' (the function of souls is to help one another) is the faith's motto, and the ''Namokar Mantra'' is its most common and strongest prayer.
Jainism is one of the oldest religions still practiced today. It has two major ancient sub-traditions, Digambaras and Śvētāmbaras, which hold different views on ascetic practices, gender, and the texts considered canonical. Both sub-traditions have mendicants supported by laypersons (''śrāvakas'' and ''śrāvikas''). The Śvētāmbara tradition in turn has two sub-traditions: Deravasi, also known as Mandirmargis, and Sthānakavasī. The religion has between four and five million followers, known as Jains or Jainas, who reside mostly in India, where they numbered around 4.5 million at the 2011 census. Outside India, some of the largest Jain communities can be found in Canada, Europe, and the United States. Japan is also home to a fast-growing community of converts. Major festivals include ''Paryushana'' and ''Das Lakshana'', ''Ashtanika'', ''Mahavir Janma Kalyanak'', ''Akshaya Tritiya'', and ''Diwali''. Provided by Wikipedia
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Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a case report by Jacqueline Gri, Varun Jain
Published 2024-02-01
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Intracranial Hypotension Syndrome with Cortical Venous Thrombosis: A Rare Case by Deepak Jain, Ashima Mittal
Published 2016-12-01
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The genetic basis of breast cancer: A comprehensive overview by Vineet Talwar, Arpit Jain
Published 2023-01-01
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The birth of a healthy baby 9 years after a surgically successful deceased donor uterus transplant by Tanvi Jain, Samiran Nundy
Published 2022-01-01
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Retinoblastoma in phthisis bulbi by Jain I, Singh Kapalmit
Published 1968-01-01
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Foremost Walks and Paths in Interval Temporal Graphs by Anuj Jain, Sartaj Sahni
Published 2022-09-01
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A review on innovative approaches to expansive soil stabilization: Focussing on EPS beads, sand, and jute by Utkarsh, Jain Pradeep Kumar
Published 2024-04-01
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Role of Echocardiography in Ductal Stenting by Bharti Sharma, Shreepal Jain
Published 2022-01-01
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Multi-objective Rao algorithm in resilience-based optimal design of water distribution networks by Priyanshu Jain, Ruchi Khare
Published 2022-04-01
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Radiation Pneumonitis: Old Problem, New Tricks by Varsha Jain, Abigail T. Berman
Published 2018-07-01
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Esophageal Stricture Prevention after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection by Deepanshu Jain, Shashideep Singhal
Published 2016-05-01
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Multiphysics and Multiscale Modeling of Coupled Transport of Chloride Ions in Concrete by Amit Jain, Bora Gencturk
Published 2021-02-01
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An overview of current advances and pharmaceutical uses of 3D and 4D printing by Pankaj Sharma, Vinay Jain
Published 2023-08-01
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