Al-Shafi'i

'''Al-Shafi'i); he is also known by the titles Shaykh al-Islam, Offspring of the House of the Prophet, Peerless One, Scrupulously Pious Ascetic, and Friend of God'''.}} (; ;767–820 CE) was a Muslim scholar, jurist, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Sunni jurisprudence. He is known to be the first to write a book upon the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, having authored one of the earliest work on the subject: ''al-Risala''. His legacy and teaching on the matter provided it with a systematic form, thereby "fundamentally influenc[ing] the succeeding generations which are under his direct and obvious impact," and "begin[ning] a new phase of the development of legal theory."

Being born in Gaza, Palestine to the Banu Muttalib clan of the Quraysh tribe, he was relocated at the age of two and raised in Mecca. He later resided in Medina, Yemen, Baghdad in Iraq, and Egypt, and also served as a judge for some time in Najran. Provided by Wikipedia