Theophylline

| MedlinePlus = a681006 | pregnancy_AU = A | pregnancy_AU_comment = | pregnancy_US = C | pregnancy_category = | legal_AU = S4 | legal_CA = Rx-only | legal_UK = P | legal_US = Rx-only | legal_status = | routes_of_administration = oral, IV, rectal

| bioavailability = 100% (oral) | protein_bound = 40% (primarily to albumin) | metabolism = Hepatic: CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 | metabolites = • 1,3-Dimethyluric acid
• 1-Methyixanthine
• 3-Methylxanthine | elimination_half-life = 5–8 hours

| CAS_number_Ref = | CAS_number = 58-55-9 | ATC_prefix = R03 | ATC_suffix = DA04 | ATC_supplemental = R03DB04 | ChEBI_Ref = | ChEBI = 28177 | PubChem = 2153 | IUPHAR_ligand = 413 | DrugBank_Ref = | DrugBank = DB00277 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = | ChemSpiderID = 2068 | UNII_Ref = | UNII = 0I55128JYK | KEGG_Ref = | KEGG = D00371 | ChEMBL_Ref = | ChEMBL = 190

| C = 7 | H = 8 | N = 4 | O = 2 | smiles = Cn1c2c(c(=O)n(c1=O)C)[nH]cn2 | StdInChI_Ref = | StdInChI = 1S/C7H8N4O2/c1-10-5-4(8-3-9-5)6(12)11(2)7(10)13/h3H,1-2H3,(H,8,9) | StdInChIKey_Ref = | StdInChIKey = ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N | drug_name = | alt = | caption = | type = | licence_EU = | licence_US = }}

Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. It is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Its pharmacology is similar to other methylxanthine drugs (e.g., theobromine and caffeine). Trace amounts of theophylline are naturally present in tea, coffee, chocolate, yerba maté, guarana, and kola nut.

The name 'theophylline' derives from "Thea"—the former genus name for tea + Legacy Greek φύλλον (phúllon, "leaf") + -ine. Provided by Wikipedia