Brain–computer interface
A brain–computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a brain–machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication link between the brain's electrical activity and an external device, most commonly a computer or robotic limb. BCIs are often directed at researching, mapping, assisting, augmenting, or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions. They are often conceptualized as a human–machine interface that skips the intermediary of moving body parts (hands...), although they also raise the possibility of erasing the distinction between brain and machine. BCI implementations range from non-invasive (EEG, MEG, MRI) and partially invasive (ECoG and endovascular) to invasive (microelectrode array), based on how physically close electrodes are to brain tissue.Research on BCIs began in the 1970s by Jacques Vidal at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) under a grant from the National Science Foundation, followed by a contract from the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Vidal's 1973 paper introduced the expression ''brain–computer interface'' into scientific literature.
Due to the cortical plasticity of the brain, signals from implanted prostheses can, after adaptation, be handled by the brain like natural sensor or effector channels. Following years of animal experimentation, the first neuroprosthetic devices were implanted in humans in the mid-1990s.
Studies in human-computer interaction via the application of machine learning to statistical temporal features extracted from the frontal lobe (EEG brainwave) data has achieved success in classifying mental states (relaxed, neutral, concentrating), mental emotional states (negative, neutral, positive), and thalamocortical dysrhythmia.
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Rapid communication with a P300 matrix speller using electrocorticographic signals (ECoG) by Peter eBrunner, Peter eBrunner, Peter eBrunner, Anthony L Ritaccio, Joseph F Emrich, Horst Bischof, Gerwin Schalk, Gerwin Schalk, Gerwin Schalk, Gerwin Schalk, Gerwin Schalk
Published 2011-02-01
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The tracking of speech envelope in the human cortex. by Jan Kubanek, Peter Brunner, Aysegul Gunduz, David Poeppel, Gerwin Schalk
Published 2013-01-01
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Localizing ECoG electrodes on the cortical anatomy without post-implantation imaging by Disha Gupta, N. Jeremy Hill, Matthew A. Adamo, Anthony Ritaccio, Gerwin Schalk
Published 2014-01-01
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Spontaneous Decoding of the Timing and Content of Human Object Perception from Cortical Surface Recordings Reveals Complementary Information in the Event-Related Potential and Broa... by Kai J Miller, Gerwin Schalk, Dora Hermes, Jeffrey G Ojemann, Rajesh P N Rao
Published 2016-01-01
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Toward a fully implantable ecosystem for adaptive neuromodulation in humans: Preliminary experience with the CorTec BrainInterchange device in a canine model by Gerwin Schalk, Gerwin Schalk, Samuel Worrell, Filip Mivalt, Filip Mivalt, Alexander Belsten, Alexander Belsten, Inyong Kim, Jonathan M. Morris, Dora Hermes, Bryan T. Klassen, Nathan P. Staff, Steven Messina, Timothy Kaufmann, Jörn Rickert, Peter Brunner, Peter Brunner, Gregory A. Worrell, Gregory A. Worrell, Kai J. Miller, Kai J. Miller
Published 2022-12-01
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Dynamics of Oddball Sound Processing: Trial-by-Trial Modeling of ECoG Signals by Françoise Lecaignard, Françoise Lecaignard, Raphaëlle Bertrand, Raphaëlle Bertrand, Peter Brunner, Peter Brunner, Peter Brunner, Anne Caclin, Anne Caclin, Gerwin Schalk, Jérémie Mattout, Jérémie Mattout
Published 2022-02-01
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