James J. Gibson
James Jerome Gibson (; January 27, 1904 – December 11, 1979) was an American
psychologist and is considered to be one of the most important contributors to the field of
visual perception. Gibson challenged the idea that the
nervous system actively constructs conscious visual perception, and instead promoted
ecological psychology, in which the mind directly perceives environmental stimuli without additional cognitive construction or processing. A ''
Review of General Psychology'' survey, published in 2002, ranked him as the 88th most cited psychologist of the 20th century, tied with
John Garcia,
David Rumelhart,
Louis Leon Thurstone,
Margaret Floy Washburn, and
Robert S. Woodworth.
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