Maria Theresa
Maria Theresa (Maria Theresia Walburga Amalia Christina; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was ruler of the Habsburg dominions from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position ''suo jure'' (in her own right). She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Transylvania, Mantua, Milan, Galicia and Lodomeria, the Austrian Netherlands, and Parma. By marriage, she was Duchess of Lorraine, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, and Holy Roman Empress.Maria Theresa started her 40-year reign when her father, Emperor Charles VI, died on 20 October 1740. Charles VI paved the way for her accession with the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and spent his entire reign securing it. He neglected the advice of Prince Eugene of Savoy, who believed that a strong military and a rich treasury were more important than mere signatures. Eventually, Charles VI left behind a weakened and impoverished state, particularly due to the War of the Polish Succession and the Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739). Moreover, upon his death, Saxony, Prussia, Bavaria, and France all repudiated the sanction they had recognised during his lifetime. Frederick II of Prussia (who became Maria Theresa's greatest rival for most of her reign) promptly invaded and took the affluent Habsburg province of Silesia in the eight-year conflict known as the War of the Austrian Succession. In defiance of the grave situation, she managed to secure the vital support of the Hungarians for the war effort. During the course of the war, Maria Theresa successfully defended her rule over most of the Habsburg monarchy, apart from the loss of Silesia and a few minor territories in Italy. Maria Theresa later unsuccessfully tried to recover Silesia during the Seven Years' War.
Although she was expected to cede power to her husband, Emperor Francis I, and her eldest son, Emperor Joseph II, who were officially her co-rulers in Austria and Bohemia, Maria Theresa ruled as an autocratic sovereign with the counsel of her advisers. She promulgated institutional, financial, medical, and educational reforms, with the assistance of Wenzel Anton of Kaunitz-Rietberg, Friedrich Wilhelm von Haugwitz, and Gerard van Swieten. She also promoted commerce and the development of agriculture, and reorganised Austria's ramshackle military, all of which strengthened Austria's international standing. A pious Catholic, she despised Jews and Protestants, and on certain occasions she ordered their expulsion to remote parts of the realm. She also advocated for the state church. Provided by Wikipedia
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Il movimento degli scioperi nel XX secolo by Maria Theresa Schorer Petrone
Published 1983-06-01
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Padre António Vieira, a exegese escriturística e o Quinto Império by Maria Theresa Abelha Alves
Published 1999-12-01
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Resenha de: Sugar and Society in the Caribbean. An Economic History of Cuban Agriculture by Maria Theresa Schorer Petrone
Published 1966-09-01
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Development of a Tool for Measuring Ecocentrism as an Outcome of Environmental Communication by Maria Theresa D. Gochuico
Published 2021-12-01
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Topofilia e topocrítica na paisagem ideal da Ilha dos Amores by Maria Theresa Abelha Alves
Published 1980-12-01
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Resenha de: Fuehrer duch die Quellen zur Geschichte Lateinamerikas in der Bundesrepublik by Maria Theresa Schorer Petrone
Published 1975-03-01
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VIOLA DE LERENO: PAIXÃO E CANTO by Maria Theresa Abelha Alves
Published 1998-12-01
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Resenha de 'Un grand homme d'affaires au début du XVI siècle — Jacob Fugger' by Maria Theresa Schörer Petrone
Published 1958-12-01
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Terras devolutas: posses e sesmarias no Vale do Paraíba paulista em 1854 by Maria Theresa Schorer Petrone
Published 1975-09-01
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A peregrinação iniciática de Barnabé das Índias by Maria Theresa Abelha Alves Alves
Published 2000-12-01
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GUILHERMINA OU A LIBERDADE É MÚSICA by Maria Theresa Abelha Alves Marques
Published 1995-12-01
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TERRA SIGILATA: A UTOPIA DE UM NOVO MUNDO by Maria Theresa Abelha Alves Marques
Published 1992-12-01
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Jaime Cortesão: Solidariedade e resistência no Homem-Poeta-D-????amaturgo by Prof. Maria Theresa Abelha Alves
Published 1987-12-01
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Rolling News as Disruptive Change by Konow Lund Maria Theresa, Puijk Roel
Published 2013-03-01
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Cushing’s Disease Presenting with Functional Neurological (Conversion) Disorder by Sahar Ashrafzadeh, Maria Theresa Mariano, Saba Syed
Published 2023-01-01
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Understory functional groups and fire history but not experimental warming drive tree seedling performance in unmanaged boreal forests by Maria-Theresa Jessen, Maria-Theresa Jessen, Maria-Theresa Jessen, Eveline J. Krab, Eveline J. Krab, Signe Lett, Signe Lett, Marie-Charlotte Nilsson, Laurenz Teuber, David A. Wardle, Ellen Dorrepaal
Published 2023-05-01
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Stratification for RRMM and Risk-Adapted Therapy: Sequencing of Therapies in RRMM by Georg Jeryczynski, Arnold Bolomsky, Hermine Agis, Maria-Theresa Krauth
Published 2021-11-01
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Pathway-Directed Therapy in Multiple Myeloma by Lukas John, Maria Theresa Krauth, Klaus Podar, Marc-Steffen Raab
Published 2021-04-01
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