Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization

Carbon has been a raw material for several thousands of industrial products and their production from various bioresources is an active area of research. This article details production of carbon microspheres from rubber wood via hydrothermal carbonization (termed as hydrothermal rubber wood carbon,...

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Main Authors: Khan, Tanveer Ahmed, Kim, Hyun-Joong, Gupta, Arun, Saidatul Shima, Jamari, Rajan, Jose
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Society of Chemical Industry 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/23697/1/Synthesis%20and%20characterization%20of%20carbon%20microspheres.pdf
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author Khan, Tanveer Ahmed
Kim, Hyun-Joong
Gupta, Arun
Saidatul Shima, Jamari
Rajan, Jose
author_facet Khan, Tanveer Ahmed
Kim, Hyun-Joong
Gupta, Arun
Saidatul Shima, Jamari
Rajan, Jose
author_sort Khan, Tanveer Ahmed
collection UMP
description Carbon has been a raw material for several thousands of industrial products and their production from various bioresources is an active area of research. This article details production of carbon microspheres from rubber wood via hydrothermal carbonization (termed as hydrothermal rubber wood carbon, HTRW carbon). Synthesis were coordinated in two sets: (i) in the first set, excess of water (20-40 × weight of biomass) was used in the hydrothermal process at 180-260 ⁰C for 3-9 hours and (ii) in the second set, water ratio was 25 – 35 × weight of biomass and the HTC reaction temperature fixed at 260 ⁰C. The chemical and physical characteristics of the products were studied by elemental analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas adsorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The H/C and O/C atomic ratios of starting rubber wood was 1.78 and 0.85, respectively, which upon processing through the first strategy resulted in H/C ~0.78 and O/C ~0.29; thereby suggesting increased condensation under HTC.
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spelling UMPir236972019-07-18T06:36:11Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/23697/ Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization Khan, Tanveer Ahmed Kim, Hyun-Joong Gupta, Arun Saidatul Shima, Jamari Rajan, Jose Q Science (General) TP Chemical technology Carbon has been a raw material for several thousands of industrial products and their production from various bioresources is an active area of research. This article details production of carbon microspheres from rubber wood via hydrothermal carbonization (termed as hydrothermal rubber wood carbon, HTRW carbon). Synthesis were coordinated in two sets: (i) in the first set, excess of water (20-40 × weight of biomass) was used in the hydrothermal process at 180-260 ⁰C for 3-9 hours and (ii) in the second set, water ratio was 25 – 35 × weight of biomass and the HTC reaction temperature fixed at 260 ⁰C. The chemical and physical characteristics of the products were studied by elemental analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas adsorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The H/C and O/C atomic ratios of starting rubber wood was 1.78 and 0.85, respectively, which upon processing through the first strategy resulted in H/C ~0.78 and O/C ~0.29; thereby suggesting increased condensation under HTC. Society of Chemical Industry 2019 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/23697/1/Synthesis%20and%20characterization%20of%20carbon%20microspheres.pdf Khan, Tanveer Ahmed and Kim, Hyun-Joong and Gupta, Arun and Saidatul Shima, Jamari and Rajan, Jose (2019) Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 94 (5). pp. 1374-1383. ISSN 1097-4660. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5867 https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5867
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
TP Chemical technology
Khan, Tanveer Ahmed
Kim, Hyun-Joong
Gupta, Arun
Saidatul Shima, Jamari
Rajan, Jose
Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization
title Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization
title_full Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization
title_fullStr Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization
title_short Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization
title_sort synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization
topic Q Science (General)
TP Chemical technology
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/23697/1/Synthesis%20and%20characterization%20of%20carbon%20microspheres.pdf
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