Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking
Image watermarking technique aims at high imperceptibility of the embedded watermark with minimal distortion in the watermarked images. In frequency-domain, block-based Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is a popular method which can be improved by different scaling factors. This paper presents an adap...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier B.V.
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29627/7/Adaptive%20scaling%20factors%20based%20on%20the%20impact%20of%20selected%20DCT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825813549823295488 |
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| author | Ariatmanto, Dhani Ernawan, Ferda |
| author_facet | Ariatmanto, Dhani Ernawan, Ferda |
| author_sort | Ariatmanto, Dhani |
| collection | UMP |
| description | Image watermarking technique aims at high imperceptibility of the embedded watermark with minimal distortion in the watermarked images. In frequency-domain, block-based Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is a popular method which can be improved by different scaling factors. This paper presents an adaptive scaling factor for selected DCT coefficients in image watermarking. The image blocks that have lowest pixel variances are chosen as the embedding locations. The optimal scaling factors for selected DCT coefficients on the middle frequencies are obtained by finding the best quality of images. The embedding process is performed using the obtained scaling factors. The proposed technique was investigated to verify the robustness and imperceptibility against various image-processing attacks. It is proved that our technique achieves higher robustness against noise addition, filter and compression than the existing schemes in most cases. Our technique produces greater imperceptibility than the existing schemes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T12:45:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | UMPir29627 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T12:45:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | UMPir296272020-10-19T07:10:02Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29627/ Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking Ariatmanto, Dhani Ernawan, Ferda QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science Image watermarking technique aims at high imperceptibility of the embedded watermark with minimal distortion in the watermarked images. In frequency-domain, block-based Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is a popular method which can be improved by different scaling factors. This paper presents an adaptive scaling factor for selected DCT coefficients in image watermarking. The image blocks that have lowest pixel variances are chosen as the embedding locations. The optimal scaling factors for selected DCT coefficients on the middle frequencies are obtained by finding the best quality of images. The embedding process is performed using the obtained scaling factors. The proposed technique was investigated to verify the robustness and imperceptibility against various image-processing attacks. It is proved that our technique achieves higher robustness against noise addition, filter and compression than the existing schemes in most cases. Our technique produces greater imperceptibility than the existing schemes. Elsevier B.V. 2020 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29627/7/Adaptive%20scaling%20factors%20based%20on%20the%20impact%20of%20selected%20DCT.pdf Ariatmanto, Dhani and Ernawan, Ferda (2020) Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking. Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences. pp. 1-10. ISSN 1319-1578. (In Press / Online First) (In Press / Online First) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2020.02.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2020.02.005 |
| spellingShingle | QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science Ariatmanto, Dhani Ernawan, Ferda Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking |
| title | Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking |
| title_full | Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking |
| title_fullStr | Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking |
| title_short | Adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected DCT coefficients for image watermarking |
| title_sort | adaptive scaling factors based on the impact of selected dct coefficients for image watermarking |
| topic | QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29627/7/Adaptive%20scaling%20factors%20based%20on%20the%20impact%20of%20selected%20DCT.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ariatmantodhani adaptivescalingfactorsbasedontheimpactofselecteddctcoefficientsforimagewatermarking AT ernawanferda adaptivescalingfactorsbasedontheimpactofselecteddctcoefficientsforimagewatermarking |