Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches
Criticism of the implementation of existing risk prediction models (RPMs) for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in new populations motivates researchers to develop regional models. The predominant usage of laboratory features in these RPMs is also causing reproducibility issues in low–middle-income cou...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/33125/1/Development%20of%20nonlaboratory-based%20risk%20prediction%20models%20for%20cardiovascular.pdf |
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| author | Mirza Rizwan, Sajid Almehmadi, Bader A. Sami, Waqas Alzahrani, Mansour K. Noryanti, Muhammad Chesneau, Christophe Hanif, Anif Khan, Arshad Ali Shahbaz, Ahmad |
| author_facet | Mirza Rizwan, Sajid Almehmadi, Bader A. Sami, Waqas Alzahrani, Mansour K. Noryanti, Muhammad Chesneau, Christophe Hanif, Anif Khan, Arshad Ali Shahbaz, Ahmad |
| author_sort | Mirza Rizwan, Sajid |
| collection | UMP |
| description | Criticism of the implementation of existing risk prediction models (RPMs) for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in new populations motivates researchers to develop regional models. The predominant usage of laboratory features in these RPMs is also causing reproducibility issues in low–middle-income countries (LMICs). Further, conventional logistic regression analysis (LRA) does not consider non-linear associations and interaction terms in developing these RPMs, which might oversimplify the phenomenon. This study aims to develop alternative machine learning (ML)-based RPMs that may perform better at predicting CVD status using nonlaboratory features in comparison to conventional RPMs. The data was based on a case–control study conducted at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Pakistan. Data from 460 subjects, aged between 30 and 76 years, with (1:1) gender-based matching, was collected. We tested various ML models to identify the best model/models considering LRA as a baseline RPM. An artificial neural network and a linear support vector machine outperformed the conventional RPM in the majority of performance matrices. The predictive accuracies of the best performed ML-based RPMs were between 80.86 and 81.09% and were found to be higher than 79.56% for the baseline RPM. The discriminating capabilities of the ML-based RPMs were also comparable to baseline RPMs. Further, ML-based RPMs identified substantially different orders of features as compared to baseline RPM. This study concludes that nonlaboratory feature-based RPMs can be a good choice for early risk assessment of CVDs in LMICs. ML-based RPMs can identify better order of features as compared to the conventional approach, which subsequently provided models with improved prognostic capabilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T12:54:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | UMPir33125 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T12:54:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | UMPir331252022-01-11T02:21:38Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/33125/ Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches Mirza Rizwan, Sajid Almehmadi, Bader A. Sami, Waqas Alzahrani, Mansour K. Noryanti, Muhammad Chesneau, Christophe Hanif, Anif Khan, Arshad Ali Shahbaz, Ahmad Q Science (General) QA Mathematics RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine Criticism of the implementation of existing risk prediction models (RPMs) for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in new populations motivates researchers to develop regional models. The predominant usage of laboratory features in these RPMs is also causing reproducibility issues in low–middle-income countries (LMICs). Further, conventional logistic regression analysis (LRA) does not consider non-linear associations and interaction terms in developing these RPMs, which might oversimplify the phenomenon. This study aims to develop alternative machine learning (ML)-based RPMs that may perform better at predicting CVD status using nonlaboratory features in comparison to conventional RPMs. The data was based on a case–control study conducted at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Pakistan. Data from 460 subjects, aged between 30 and 76 years, with (1:1) gender-based matching, was collected. We tested various ML models to identify the best model/models considering LRA as a baseline RPM. An artificial neural network and a linear support vector machine outperformed the conventional RPM in the majority of performance matrices. The predictive accuracies of the best performed ML-based RPMs were between 80.86 and 81.09% and were found to be higher than 79.56% for the baseline RPM. The discriminating capabilities of the ML-based RPMs were also comparable to baseline RPMs. Further, ML-based RPMs identified substantially different orders of features as compared to baseline RPM. This study concludes that nonlaboratory feature-based RPMs can be a good choice for early risk assessment of CVDs in LMICs. ML-based RPMs can identify better order of features as compared to the conventional approach, which subsequently provided models with improved prognostic capabilities. MDPI AG 2021-12-01 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/33125/1/Development%20of%20nonlaboratory-based%20risk%20prediction%20models%20for%20cardiovascular.pdf Mirza Rizwan, Sajid and Almehmadi, Bader A. and Sami, Waqas and Alzahrani, Mansour K. and Noryanti, Muhammad and Chesneau, Christophe and Hanif, Anif and Khan, Arshad Ali and Shahbaz, Ahmad (2021) Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (23). pp. 1-16. ISSN 1661-7827. (Published) https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312586 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312586 |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) QA Mathematics RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine Mirza Rizwan, Sajid Almehmadi, Bader A. Sami, Waqas Alzahrani, Mansour K. Noryanti, Muhammad Chesneau, Christophe Hanif, Anif Khan, Arshad Ali Shahbaz, Ahmad Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches |
| title | Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches |
| title_full | Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches |
| title_fullStr | Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches |
| title_short | Development of nonlaboratory-based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches |
| title_sort | development of nonlaboratory based risk prediction models for cardiovascular diseases using conventional and machine learning approaches |
| topic | Q Science (General) QA Mathematics RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/33125/1/Development%20of%20nonlaboratory-based%20risk%20prediction%20models%20for%20cardiovascular.pdf |
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