Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline
Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer easily converted into a conducting state. However, its limited mechanical properties have generated interest in fabricating PANI composites with other polymeric materials. In this study, a PANI–prevulcanized latex composite film was synthesized and fabricat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39714/1/Synthesis%20and%20Characterization%20of%20a%20Novel%20Nanosized%20Polyaniline.pdf |
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| author | Mohd Faizar, Banjar Fatin Najwa, Joynal Abedin Ahmad Noor Syimir, Fizal Norazilawati, Muhamad Sarih Hossain, Md. Sohrab Hakimah, Osman Nor Afifah, Khalil Ahmad Naim, Ahmad Yahaya Muzafar, Zulkifli |
| author_facet | Mohd Faizar, Banjar Fatin Najwa, Joynal Abedin Ahmad Noor Syimir, Fizal Norazilawati, Muhamad Sarih Hossain, Md. Sohrab Hakimah, Osman Nor Afifah, Khalil Ahmad Naim, Ahmad Yahaya Muzafar, Zulkifli |
| author_sort | Mohd Faizar, Banjar |
| collection | UMP |
| description | Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer easily converted into a conducting state. However, its limited mechanical properties have generated interest in fabricating PANI composites with other polymeric materials. In this study, a PANI–prevulcanized latex composite film was synthesized and fabricated in two phases following chronological steps. The first phase determined the following optimum parameters for synthesizing nanosized PANI, which were as follows: an initial molar ratio of 1, a stirring speed of 600 rpm, a synthesis temperature of 25 °C, purification via filtration, and washing using dopant acid, acetone, and distilled water. The use of a nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100, at 0.1% concentration favored PANI formation in a smaller particle size of approximately 600 nm and good dispersibility over seven days of observation compared to the use of anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showed that the PANI synthesized using a surfactant was in the emeraldine base form, as the washing process tends to decrease the doping level in the PANI backbone. Our scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the optimized synthesis parameters produced colloidal PANI with an average particle size of 695 nm. This higher aspect ratio explained the higher conductivity of nanosized PANI compared to micron-sized PANI. Following the chronological steps to determine the optimal parameters produced a nanosized PANI powder. The nanosized PANI had higher conductivity than the micron-sized PANI because of its higher aspect ratio. When PANI is synthesized in smaller particle sizes, it has higher conductivity. Atomic force microscopy analysis showed that the current flow is higher across a 5 µm2 scanned area of nanosized PANI because it has a larger surface area. Thus, more sites for the current to flow through were present on the nanosized PANI particles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T13:12:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | UMPir39714 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T13:12:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | UMPir397142023-12-21T04:49:18Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39714/ Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline Mohd Faizar, Banjar Fatin Najwa, Joynal Abedin Ahmad Noor Syimir, Fizal Norazilawati, Muhamad Sarih Hossain, Md. Sohrab Hakimah, Osman Nor Afifah, Khalil Ahmad Naim, Ahmad Yahaya Muzafar, Zulkifli Q Science (General) TP Chemical technology Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer easily converted into a conducting state. However, its limited mechanical properties have generated interest in fabricating PANI composites with other polymeric materials. In this study, a PANI–prevulcanized latex composite film was synthesized and fabricated in two phases following chronological steps. The first phase determined the following optimum parameters for synthesizing nanosized PANI, which were as follows: an initial molar ratio of 1, a stirring speed of 600 rpm, a synthesis temperature of 25 °C, purification via filtration, and washing using dopant acid, acetone, and distilled water. The use of a nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100, at 0.1% concentration favored PANI formation in a smaller particle size of approximately 600 nm and good dispersibility over seven days of observation compared to the use of anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showed that the PANI synthesized using a surfactant was in the emeraldine base form, as the washing process tends to decrease the doping level in the PANI backbone. Our scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the optimized synthesis parameters produced colloidal PANI with an average particle size of 695 nm. This higher aspect ratio explained the higher conductivity of nanosized PANI compared to micron-sized PANI. Following the chronological steps to determine the optimal parameters produced a nanosized PANI powder. The nanosized PANI had higher conductivity than the micron-sized PANI because of its higher aspect ratio. When PANI is synthesized in smaller particle sizes, it has higher conductivity. Atomic force microscopy analysis showed that the current flow is higher across a 5 µm2 scanned area of nanosized PANI because it has a larger surface area. Thus, more sites for the current to flow through were present on the nanosized PANI particles. MDPI 2023-11 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39714/1/Synthesis%20and%20Characterization%20of%20a%20Novel%20Nanosized%20Polyaniline.pdf Mohd Faizar, Banjar and Fatin Najwa, Joynal Abedin and Ahmad Noor Syimir, Fizal and Norazilawati, Muhamad Sarih and Hossain, Md. Sohrab and Hakimah, Osman and Nor Afifah, Khalil and Ahmad Naim, Ahmad Yahaya and Muzafar, Zulkifli (2023) Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline. Polymers, 15 (23). pp. 1-22. ISSN 2073-4360. (Published) https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15234565 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15234565 |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) TP Chemical technology Mohd Faizar, Banjar Fatin Najwa, Joynal Abedin Ahmad Noor Syimir, Fizal Norazilawati, Muhamad Sarih Hossain, Md. Sohrab Hakimah, Osman Nor Afifah, Khalil Ahmad Naim, Ahmad Yahaya Muzafar, Zulkifli Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline |
| title | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline |
| title_full | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline |
| title_short | Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nanosized Polyaniline |
| title_sort | synthesis and characterization of a novel nanosized polyaniline |
| topic | Q Science (General) TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39714/1/Synthesis%20and%20Characterization%20of%20a%20Novel%20Nanosized%20Polyaniline.pdf |
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