Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method
Brake friction materials (BFMs) have a critical role in ensuring the safety as well as the reliability of automotive braking systems. However, traditional BFMs, typically made from asbestos, are associated with environmental and health concerns. Therefore, this results in a growing interest in devel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40927/1/Influence%20of%20varying%20concentrations%20of%20Epoxy%2C%20Rice%20Husk%2C%20Al2O3.pdf |
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| author | Irawan, Agustinus Purna Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Siregar, Januar Parlaungan Cionita, Tezara Anggarina, Paula Tjatoerwidya Utama, Didi Widya Rihayat, Teuku Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto Dimyati, Saeful Aripin, Muhammad Bustanul Ismail, Rifky Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto Baskara, Gregorius Dimas Khafidh, Muhammad Putera, Finny Pratama Yotenka, Rahmadi |
| author_facet | Irawan, Agustinus Purna Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Siregar, Januar Parlaungan Cionita, Tezara Anggarina, Paula Tjatoerwidya Utama, Didi Widya Rihayat, Teuku Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto Dimyati, Saeful Aripin, Muhammad Bustanul Ismail, Rifky Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto Baskara, Gregorius Dimas Khafidh, Muhammad Putera, Finny Pratama Yotenka, Rahmadi |
| author_sort | Irawan, Agustinus Purna |
| collection | UMP |
| description | Brake friction materials (BFMs) have a critical role in ensuring the safety as well as the reliability of automotive braking systems. However, traditional BFMs, typically made from asbestos, are associated with environmental and health concerns. Therefore, this results in a growing interest in developing alternative BFMs that are eco-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective. This study investigates the effect of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, alumina (Al2O3), and iron oxide (Fe2O3) on the mechanical and thermal properties of BFMs prepared using the hand layup method. In this study, the rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 were filtered through a 200-mesh sieve. Note that the BFMs were fabricated using different combinations and concentrations of the materials. Their mechanical properties, such as density, hardness, flexural strength, wear resistance, and thermal properties, were investigated. The results suggest that the concentrations of the ingredients significantly influence the mechanical and thermal properties of the BFMs. A specimen made from epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 with concentrations of 50 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 15 wt.%, and 15 wt.%, respectively, produced the best properties for BFMs. On the other hand, the density, hardness, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and wear rate values of this specimen were 1.23 g/cm3, 81.2 Vickers (HV), 57.24 MPa, 4.08 GPa, and 8.665 × 10−7 mm2/kg. In addition, this specimen had better thermal properties than the other specimens. These findings provide valuable insights into developing eco-friendly and sustainable BFMs with suitable performance for automotive applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-25T03:48:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | UMPir40927 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-25T03:48:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | UMPir409272024-05-28T08:08:04Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40927/ Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method Irawan, Agustinus Purna Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Siregar, Januar Parlaungan Cionita, Tezara Anggarina, Paula Tjatoerwidya Utama, Didi Widya Rihayat, Teuku Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto Dimyati, Saeful Aripin, Muhammad Bustanul Ismail, Rifky Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto Baskara, Gregorius Dimas Khafidh, Muhammad Putera, Finny Pratama Yotenka, Rahmadi T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics Brake friction materials (BFMs) have a critical role in ensuring the safety as well as the reliability of automotive braking systems. However, traditional BFMs, typically made from asbestos, are associated with environmental and health concerns. Therefore, this results in a growing interest in developing alternative BFMs that are eco-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective. This study investigates the effect of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, alumina (Al2O3), and iron oxide (Fe2O3) on the mechanical and thermal properties of BFMs prepared using the hand layup method. In this study, the rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 were filtered through a 200-mesh sieve. Note that the BFMs were fabricated using different combinations and concentrations of the materials. Their mechanical properties, such as density, hardness, flexural strength, wear resistance, and thermal properties, were investigated. The results suggest that the concentrations of the ingredients significantly influence the mechanical and thermal properties of the BFMs. A specimen made from epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 with concentrations of 50 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 15 wt.%, and 15 wt.%, respectively, produced the best properties for BFMs. On the other hand, the density, hardness, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and wear rate values of this specimen were 1.23 g/cm3, 81.2 Vickers (HV), 57.24 MPa, 4.08 GPa, and 8.665 × 10−7 mm2/kg. In addition, this specimen had better thermal properties than the other specimens. These findings provide valuable insights into developing eco-friendly and sustainable BFMs with suitable performance for automotive applications. MDPI 2023-06 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40927/1/Influence%20of%20varying%20concentrations%20of%20Epoxy%2C%20Rice%20Husk%2C%20Al2O3.pdf Irawan, Agustinus Purna and Fitriyana, Deni Fajar and Siregar, Januar Parlaungan and Cionita, Tezara and Anggarina, Paula Tjatoerwidya and Utama, Didi Widya and Rihayat, Teuku and Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto and Dimyati, Saeful and Aripin, Muhammad Bustanul and Ismail, Rifky and Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto and Baskara, Gregorius Dimas and Khafidh, Muhammad and Putera, Finny Pratama and Yotenka, Rahmadi (2023) Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method. Polymers, 15 (2597). pp. 1-19. ISSN 2073-4360. (Published) https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122597 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122597 |
| spellingShingle | T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics Irawan, Agustinus Purna Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Siregar, Januar Parlaungan Cionita, Tezara Anggarina, Paula Tjatoerwidya Utama, Didi Widya Rihayat, Teuku Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto Dimyati, Saeful Aripin, Muhammad Bustanul Ismail, Rifky Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto Baskara, Gregorius Dimas Khafidh, Muhammad Putera, Finny Pratama Yotenka, Rahmadi Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method |
| title | Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method |
| title_full | Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method |
| title_fullStr | Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method |
| title_short | Influence of varying concentrations of epoxy, rice husk, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method |
| title_sort | influence of varying concentrations of epoxy rice husk al2o3 and fe2o3 on the properties of brake friction materials prepared using hand layup method |
| topic | T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40927/1/Influence%20of%20varying%20concentrations%20of%20Epoxy%2C%20Rice%20Husk%2C%20Al2O3.pdf |
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