Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image
Advanced internet technology allows unauthorized individuals to modify and distribute digital images. Image watermarking is a popular solution for copyright protection and ensuring digital security. This research presents an embedding scheme with a set of conditions using non-subsampled Shearlet tra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
2024
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41638/1/paper%201.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825815727380103168 |
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| author | Avivah, Siti Nur Ernawan, Ferda Anis Farihan, Mat Raffei |
| author_facet | Avivah, Siti Nur Ernawan, Ferda Anis Farihan, Mat Raffei |
| author_sort | Avivah, Siti Nur |
| collection | UMP |
| description | Advanced internet technology allows unauthorized individuals to modify and distribute digital images. Image watermarking is a popular solution for copyright protection and ensuring digital security. This research presents an embedding scheme with a set of conditions using non-subsampled Shearlet transform (NSST), lifting wavelet transform (LWT), and discrete cosine transform (DCT). Red and green channels are employed for the embedding process. The red channel is converted by NSST-LWT. The low-frequency area (LL) frequency is then split into small blocks of 8×8, each partition block is then transformed by DCT. The DCT coefficient of (3,4), (5,2), (5,3), (3,5), called matrix M1, and (2,5), (4,3), (6,2), (4,4), called matrix M2 are selected for singular value decomposition (SVD) process. With a set of conditions, the watermark bits are incorporated into those singular values. The green channel is cropped to get the center image before splitting into 4×4 pixels. The block components are then selected based on the least entropy value for the embedding regions. The selected blocks are then computed using LWT-SVD. A set of conditions for U(1,1) and U(2,1) are used to incorporate the watermark logo. The experimental findings reveal that the suggested scheme achieves high imperceptibility and resilience under various evaluating attacks with an average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and correlation value (NC) values are up to 43.89 dB and 0.96, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-25T03:50:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | UMPir41638 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-25T03:50:35Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | UMPir416382024-06-21T08:16:27Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41638/ Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image Avivah, Siti Nur Ernawan, Ferda Anis Farihan, Mat Raffei QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science QA76 Computer software Advanced internet technology allows unauthorized individuals to modify and distribute digital images. Image watermarking is a popular solution for copyright protection and ensuring digital security. This research presents an embedding scheme with a set of conditions using non-subsampled Shearlet transform (NSST), lifting wavelet transform (LWT), and discrete cosine transform (DCT). Red and green channels are employed for the embedding process. The red channel is converted by NSST-LWT. The low-frequency area (LL) frequency is then split into small blocks of 8×8, each partition block is then transformed by DCT. The DCT coefficient of (3,4), (5,2), (5,3), (3,5), called matrix M1, and (2,5), (4,3), (6,2), (4,4), called matrix M2 are selected for singular value decomposition (SVD) process. With a set of conditions, the watermark bits are incorporated into those singular values. The green channel is cropped to get the center image before splitting into 4×4 pixels. The block components are then selected based on the least entropy value for the embedding regions. The selected blocks are then computed using LWT-SVD. A set of conditions for U(1,1) and U(2,1) are used to incorporate the watermark logo. The experimental findings reveal that the suggested scheme achieves high imperceptibility and resilience under various evaluating attacks with an average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and correlation value (NC) values are up to 43.89 dB and 0.96, respectively. Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science 2024 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_sa_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41638/1/paper%201.pdf Avivah, Siti Nur and Ernawan, Ferda and Anis Farihan, Mat Raffei (2024) Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 35 (2). pp. 907-915. ISSN 2502-4752. (Published) http://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v35.i2.pp907-915 10.11591/ijeecs.v35.i2.pp907-915 |
| spellingShingle | QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science QA76 Computer software Avivah, Siti Nur Ernawan, Ferda Anis Farihan, Mat Raffei Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image |
| title | Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image |
| title_full | Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image |
| title_fullStr | Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image |
| title_short | Dual image watermarking based on NSST-LWT-DCT for color image |
| title_sort | dual image watermarking based on nsst lwt dct for color image |
| topic | QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science QA76 Computer software |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41638/1/paper%201.pdf |
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