Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China
The subtropical region of East China is characterized by abundant water and temperature resources conducive to crop cultivation, and large areas of lowland have been widely used for agricultural planting. The objectives of the study were to explore feasible methods of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1932 |
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| author | Hao He Dandan Li Feifan Pan Ze Wu Fengwen Wang Dong Wu Sheng Wu Shuyun Yang Youhua Ma |
| author_facet | Hao He Dandan Li Feifan Pan Ze Wu Fengwen Wang Dong Wu Sheng Wu Shuyun Yang Youhua Ma |
| author_sort | Hao He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The subtropical region of East China is characterized by abundant water and temperature resources conducive to crop cultivation, and large areas of lowland have been widely used for agricultural planting. The objectives of the study were to explore feasible methods of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction for rice–wheat rotation systems and to explain the mechanism underlying the effect of drainage on GHG reduction. Shallow ditch (SD) and deep ditch (DD) treatments in the wheat season were set up for drainage to control the paddy soil water content, with conventional non-ditching as the control group (CG). CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emission fluxes were continuously measured, and related soil physical and chemical properties were also measured in this study. The results showed that CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from paddy soil accounted for most of the global warming potential (GWP) in the rice–wheat rotation system. Drainage led to a significant reduction in cumulative soil CH<sub>4</sub> emissions during the rice and wheat seasons; however, the overall cumulative N<sub>2</sub>O flux increased significantly. The total GWP produced by SD and DD in the three years was reduced by 58.21% and 54.87%, respectively. The GHG emission intensity (GHGI) of SD and DD declined by 60.13% and 56.40%, respectively. The CH<sub>4</sub> emission flux was significantly positively correlated with the 5 cm ground temperature but negatively correlated with the soil redox potential (soil Eh). The drainage decreased the soil water and soil organic matter contents and increased soil pH, which were the mechanisms that reduced the CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. The drainage increased the soil nitrogen content, which is the main reason for regulating N<sub>2</sub>O. The findings indicate that SD and DD not only ensured a stable increase in production but also effectively reduced GHG emissions, and we recommend SD treatment for agricultural production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:01:16Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:01:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-000c9b7850694d11a228197c50f1fb2b2023-11-30T23:02:53ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-08-01128193210.3390/agronomy12081932Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East ChinaHao He0Dandan Li1Feifan Pan2Ze Wu3Fengwen Wang4Dong Wu5Sheng Wu6Shuyun Yang7Youhua Ma8College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, ChinaThe subtropical region of East China is characterized by abundant water and temperature resources conducive to crop cultivation, and large areas of lowland have been widely used for agricultural planting. The objectives of the study were to explore feasible methods of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction for rice–wheat rotation systems and to explain the mechanism underlying the effect of drainage on GHG reduction. Shallow ditch (SD) and deep ditch (DD) treatments in the wheat season were set up for drainage to control the paddy soil water content, with conventional non-ditching as the control group (CG). CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emission fluxes were continuously measured, and related soil physical and chemical properties were also measured in this study. The results showed that CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from paddy soil accounted for most of the global warming potential (GWP) in the rice–wheat rotation system. Drainage led to a significant reduction in cumulative soil CH<sub>4</sub> emissions during the rice and wheat seasons; however, the overall cumulative N<sub>2</sub>O flux increased significantly. The total GWP produced by SD and DD in the three years was reduced by 58.21% and 54.87%, respectively. The GHG emission intensity (GHGI) of SD and DD declined by 60.13% and 56.40%, respectively. The CH<sub>4</sub> emission flux was significantly positively correlated with the 5 cm ground temperature but negatively correlated with the soil redox potential (soil Eh). The drainage decreased the soil water and soil organic matter contents and increased soil pH, which were the mechanisms that reduced the CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. The drainage increased the soil nitrogen content, which is the main reason for regulating N<sub>2</sub>O. The findings indicate that SD and DD not only ensured a stable increase in production but also effectively reduced GHG emissions, and we recommend SD treatment for agricultural production.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1932drainagerice–wheat rotationCH<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>OGWP |
| spellingShingle | Hao He Dandan Li Feifan Pan Ze Wu Fengwen Wang Dong Wu Sheng Wu Shuyun Yang Youhua Ma Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China Agronomy drainage rice–wheat rotation CH<sub>4</sub> N<sub>2</sub>O GWP |
| title | Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China |
| title_full | Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China |
| title_short | Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China |
| title_sort | effects of drainage on greenhouse gas emissions and yields of lowland rice wheat rotation system in east china |
| topic | drainage rice–wheat rotation CH<sub>4</sub> N<sub>2</sub>O GWP |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1932 |
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