Fungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive Grass
Invasive plants, which cause substantial economic and ecological impacts, acquire both pathogens and beneficial microbes in their introduced ranges. Communities of fungal endophytes are known to mediate impacts of pathogens on plant fitness but few studies have examined the temporal dynamics of fung...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Phytobiomes Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PBIOMES-03-22-0018-R |
| _version_ | 1797676659611009024 |
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| author | Brett R. Lane Amy E. Kendig Christopher M. Wojan Ashish Adhikari Michelle A. Jusino Nicholas Kortessis Margaret W. Simon Robert D. Holt Matthew E. Smith Keith Clay S. Luke Flory Philip F. Harmon Erica M. Goss |
| author_facet | Brett R. Lane Amy E. Kendig Christopher M. Wojan Ashish Adhikari Michelle A. Jusino Nicholas Kortessis Margaret W. Simon Robert D. Holt Matthew E. Smith Keith Clay S. Luke Flory Philip F. Harmon Erica M. Goss |
| author_sort | Brett R. Lane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Invasive plants, which cause substantial economic and ecological impacts, acquire both pathogens and beneficial microbes in their introduced ranges. Communities of fungal endophytes are known to mediate impacts of pathogens on plant fitness but few studies have examined the temporal dynamics of fungal communities on invasive plants. The annual grass Microstegium vimineum, an invader of forests and riparian areas throughout the eastern United States, experiences annual epidemics of disease caused by Bipolaris pathogens. Our objective was to characterize the dynamics of foliar fungal communities on M. vimineum over a growing season during a foliar disease epidemic. First, we asked how the fungal community in the phyllosphere changed over 2 months that corresponded with increasing disease severity. Second, we experimentally suppressed disease with fungicide in half of the plots and asked how the treatment affected fungal community diversity and composition. We found increasingly diverse foliar fungal communities and substantial changes in community composition between timepoints using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 region. Monthly fungicide application caused shifts in fungal community composition relative to control samples. Fungicide application increased diversity at the late-season timepoint, suggesting that it suppressed dominant fungicide sensitive taxa and allowed other fungal taxa to flourish. These results raise new questions regarding the roles of putative endophytes found in the phyllosphere given the limited number of pathogens known to cause disease on M. vimineum in its invasive range. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:33:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00187223bcdf4d0d9994907132dcc0bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2471-2906 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:33:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Phytobiomes Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-00187223bcdf4d0d9994907132dcc0bc2023-09-22T23:26:54ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyPhytobiomes Journal2471-29062023-09-017219820710.1094/PBIOMES-03-22-0018-RFungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive GrassBrett R. Lane0Amy E. Kendig1Christopher M. Wojan2Ashish Adhikari3Michelle A. Jusino4Nicholas Kortessis5Margaret W. Simon6Robert D. Holt7Matthew E. Smith8Keith Clay9S. Luke Flory10Philip F. Harmon11Erica M. Goss12Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Center for Forest Mycology Research, Madison, WI 53726Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611Invasive plants, which cause substantial economic and ecological impacts, acquire both pathogens and beneficial microbes in their introduced ranges. Communities of fungal endophytes are known to mediate impacts of pathogens on plant fitness but few studies have examined the temporal dynamics of fungal communities on invasive plants. The annual grass Microstegium vimineum, an invader of forests and riparian areas throughout the eastern United States, experiences annual epidemics of disease caused by Bipolaris pathogens. Our objective was to characterize the dynamics of foliar fungal communities on M. vimineum over a growing season during a foliar disease epidemic. First, we asked how the fungal community in the phyllosphere changed over 2 months that corresponded with increasing disease severity. Second, we experimentally suppressed disease with fungicide in half of the plots and asked how the treatment affected fungal community diversity and composition. We found increasingly diverse foliar fungal communities and substantial changes in community composition between timepoints using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 region. Monthly fungicide application caused shifts in fungal community composition relative to control samples. Fungicide application increased diversity at the late-season timepoint, suggesting that it suppressed dominant fungicide sensitive taxa and allowed other fungal taxa to flourish. These results raise new questions regarding the roles of putative endophytes found in the phyllosphere given the limited number of pathogens known to cause disease on M. vimineum in its invasive range.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PBIOMES-03-22-0018-RBipolarisinvasive speciesiprodionemicrobiomeMicrostegium vimineummycobiome |
| spellingShingle | Brett R. Lane Amy E. Kendig Christopher M. Wojan Ashish Adhikari Michelle A. Jusino Nicholas Kortessis Margaret W. Simon Robert D. Holt Matthew E. Smith Keith Clay S. Luke Flory Philip F. Harmon Erica M. Goss Fungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive Grass Phytobiomes Journal Bipolaris invasive species iprodione microbiome Microstegium vimineum mycobiome |
| title | Fungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive Grass |
| title_full | Fungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive Grass |
| title_fullStr | Fungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive Grass |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive Grass |
| title_short | Fungicide-Mediated Shifts in the Foliar Fungal Community of an Invasive Grass |
| title_sort | fungicide mediated shifts in the foliar fungal community of an invasive grass |
| topic | Bipolaris invasive species iprodione microbiome Microstegium vimineum mycobiome |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PBIOMES-03-22-0018-R |
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