Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in Mice
Parasporin-4 (PS4) is an aerolysin-type β-pore-forming toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strain A1470. It exhibits specific cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines; therefore, it is expected to be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of particular types of cancer cells. We examined the...
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MDPI AG
2014-07-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/7/2115 |
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| author | Shiro Okumura Hironori Koga Kuniyo Inouye Eiichi Mizuki |
| author_facet | Shiro Okumura Hironori Koga Kuniyo Inouye Eiichi Mizuki |
| author_sort | Shiro Okumura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Parasporin-4 (PS4) is an aerolysin-type β-pore-forming toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strain A1470. It exhibits specific cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines; therefore, it is expected to be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of particular types of cancer cells. We examined the acute toxicity of PS4 on ICR mice. The LD50 value was 160 μg/kg by a subcutaneous route. Potassium, ammonium, magnesium ion, creatinine, and urea nitrogen decreased in urine by the injection of PS4. Simultaneously, creatinine and urea nitrogen in mice serum increased. These results imply that PS4 impairs kidney function in mice. PS4 is obtained from Pro-parasporin-4 (ProPS4) by processing, and ProPS4 is produced by recombinant Escherichia coli as the inclusion body. The inclusion body of ProPS4 can be solubilized in a weak acid solution and activated by pepsin, implying that it would be solubilized and activated in the stomach of mammals after oral administration. Thus, the influence of the oral administration of it by C57BL/6J mice was examined. Although ProPS4 was activated to PS4 in the mouse digestive tract, any serious health hazard was not observed and there was no significant difference in body weight change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:53:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0019f87308694cf483910f95ef64a049 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:53:54Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-0019f87308694cf483910f95ef64a0492022-12-22T02:53:22ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512014-07-01672115212610.3390/toxins6072115toxins6072115Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in MiceShiro Okumura0Hironori Koga1Kuniyo Inouye2Eiichi Mizuki3Biotechnology and Food Research Institute, Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center, 1465-5 Aikawa, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0861, JapanDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, JapanDivision of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanBiotechnology and Food Research Institute, Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center, 1465-5 Aikawa, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0861, JapanParasporin-4 (PS4) is an aerolysin-type β-pore-forming toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strain A1470. It exhibits specific cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines; therefore, it is expected to be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of particular types of cancer cells. We examined the acute toxicity of PS4 on ICR mice. The LD50 value was 160 μg/kg by a subcutaneous route. Potassium, ammonium, magnesium ion, creatinine, and urea nitrogen decreased in urine by the injection of PS4. Simultaneously, creatinine and urea nitrogen in mice serum increased. These results imply that PS4 impairs kidney function in mice. PS4 is obtained from Pro-parasporin-4 (ProPS4) by processing, and ProPS4 is produced by recombinant Escherichia coli as the inclusion body. The inclusion body of ProPS4 can be solubilized in a weak acid solution and activated by pepsin, implying that it would be solubilized and activated in the stomach of mammals after oral administration. Thus, the influence of the oral administration of it by C57BL/6J mice was examined. Although ProPS4 was activated to PS4 in the mouse digestive tract, any serious health hazard was not observed and there was no significant difference in body weight change.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/7/2115Bacillus thuringiensisBt toxinparasporinmousekidney |
| spellingShingle | Shiro Okumura Hironori Koga Kuniyo Inouye Eiichi Mizuki Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in Mice Toxins Bacillus thuringiensis Bt toxin parasporin mouse kidney |
| title | Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in Mice |
| title_full | Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in Mice |
| title_short | Toxicity of Parasporin-4 and Health Effects of Pro-parasporin-4 Diet in Mice |
| title_sort | toxicity of parasporin 4 and health effects of pro parasporin 4 diet in mice |
| topic | Bacillus thuringiensis Bt toxin parasporin mouse kidney |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/6/7/2115 |
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