Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia
Vaccine refusal or hesitancy is one of the significant issues that can have an adverse impact on people’s health and their countries’ economy. Additionally, vaccine acceptance or refusal could have a decisive role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the factors affec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/9/1218 |
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| author | Khalid Al-Mansour Saad Alyahya Fouad AbuGazalah Khaled Alabdulkareem |
| author_facet | Khalid Al-Mansour Saad Alyahya Fouad AbuGazalah Khaled Alabdulkareem |
| author_sort | Khalid Al-Mansour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vaccine refusal or hesitancy is one of the significant issues that can have an adverse impact on people’s health and their countries’ economy. Additionally, vaccine acceptance or refusal could have a decisive role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine refusal and hesitancy among the general population in Saudi Arabia. The method is a cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire, and data were collected from 1935 participants between 18 February 2021 and 1 April 2021. Out of 1935 participants aged ≥18 years and residing in Saudi Arabia, 46.9% reported their intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 22.4% had received the vaccine, 9.5% did not intend to receive the vaccine, and 21.2% had not made their decision. In the multinomial logistic regression models, vaccine refusal was associated with age (OR: 0.961), nationality (OR: 0.182), monthly income of more than SAR 18,000 (OR: 2.325), chronic diseases (OR: 0.521), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.937), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.5). The hesitancy was associated with age (OR: 0.977), nationality (OR: 0.231), monthly income between SAR 6000 to 12,000 (OR: 0.607), chronic diseases (OR: 0.640), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.907), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.3). The main concerns about the vaccine were “COVID-19 vaccines are not tested enough on people”, “drug companies are interested in COVID-19 vaccine sales only”, and “COVID-19 vaccines have serious adverse effects”. Awareness programs and vaccination campaigns should consider people’s concerns and correct their misinformation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:37:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00217d7fda154df392d71ef65e332768 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:37:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-00217d7fda154df392d71ef65e3327682023-11-22T13:18:45ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322021-09-0199121810.3390/healthcare9091218Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi ArabiaKhalid Al-Mansour0Saad Alyahya1Fouad AbuGazalah2Khaled Alabdulkareem3Department of Social Studies, College of Arts, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaNudge Unite, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12628, Saudi ArabiaHealth Holding Company, Riyadh 12628, Saudi ArabiaDeputyship for Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12628, Saudi ArabiaVaccine refusal or hesitancy is one of the significant issues that can have an adverse impact on people’s health and their countries’ economy. Additionally, vaccine acceptance or refusal could have a decisive role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine refusal and hesitancy among the general population in Saudi Arabia. The method is a cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire, and data were collected from 1935 participants between 18 February 2021 and 1 April 2021. Out of 1935 participants aged ≥18 years and residing in Saudi Arabia, 46.9% reported their intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 22.4% had received the vaccine, 9.5% did not intend to receive the vaccine, and 21.2% had not made their decision. In the multinomial logistic regression models, vaccine refusal was associated with age (OR: 0.961), nationality (OR: 0.182), monthly income of more than SAR 18,000 (OR: 2.325), chronic diseases (OR: 0.521), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.937), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.5). The hesitancy was associated with age (OR: 0.977), nationality (OR: 0.231), monthly income between SAR 6000 to 12,000 (OR: 0.607), chronic diseases (OR: 0.640), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.907), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.3). The main concerns about the vaccine were “COVID-19 vaccines are not tested enough on people”, “drug companies are interested in COVID-19 vaccine sales only”, and “COVID-19 vaccines have serious adverse effects”. Awareness programs and vaccination campaigns should consider people’s concerns and correct their misinformation.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/9/1218COVID-19 vaccinegeneral populationknowledgeconcernsSaudi Arabia |
| spellingShingle | Khalid Al-Mansour Saad Alyahya Fouad AbuGazalah Khaled Alabdulkareem Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia Healthcare COVID-19 vaccine general population knowledge concerns Saudi Arabia |
| title | Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia |
| title_full | Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia |
| title_fullStr | Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia |
| title_short | Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination among the General Population in Saudi Arabia |
| title_sort | factors affecting covid 19 vaccination among the general population in saudi arabia |
| topic | COVID-19 vaccine general population knowledge concerns Saudi Arabia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/9/1218 |
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