High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia Emission
A new treatment system was developed to meet multiple environmental performance standards including to substantially reduce ammonia emissions. It was tested full-scale for 2-years in a 5,145-head finishing swine farm with two anaerobic lagoons. The system combined high-rate solid-liquid separation w...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fsufs.2018.00062/full |
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| author | Kyoung S. Ro Matias B. Vanotti Ariel A. Szogi John H. Loughrin Patricia D. Millner |
| author_facet | Kyoung S. Ro Matias B. Vanotti Ariel A. Szogi John H. Loughrin Patricia D. Millner |
| author_sort | Kyoung S. Ro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new treatment system was developed to meet multiple environmental performance standards including to substantially reduce ammonia emissions. It was tested full-scale for 2-years in a 5,145-head finishing swine farm with two anaerobic lagoons. The system combined high-rate solid-liquid separation with nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes. Both vertical radial plum mapping (VRPM) and floating static chamber techniques were used to measure NH3 emission fluxes from anaerobic storage lagoons and the total farm-level NH3 emission rates. The VRPM used an open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDL) and the flux chamber used a photoacoustic gas analyzer to accurately measure NH3 concentration. After the treatment system started, one of the two lagoons became inactive without receiving anymore flushed manure. The ammonia emission flux from the other lagoon with the treated effluent decreased from 43.9 to 6.8 kg-N ha−1 d−1 1.5 years after implementation of the new treatment system. The NH3 emission flux from the inactive lagoon also decreased similarly because the already stored old manure of the lagoon prior to inactivation was diluted with rainfalls and lost some NH3 via volatilization. The total farm-level NH3 emission rates decreased from 1.72 g s−1 to below detection level of the VRPM technique. Using the minimum detection level of the TDL with R2 > 90% (i.e., 8.1 8.1 μL L−1-m), the total farm-level NH3 emission rates in the second year were less than 0.04–0.15 g s−1. These results suggested that the impact of the new treatment system on NH3 emission reduction was equivalent to closing conventional swine lagoons while actively growing 5,145 pigs with minimal ammonia emissions from the farm. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:38:32Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-00254dcf156a4631ba3319d8ed3bb0c52022-12-22T02:00:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2018-09-01210.3389/fsufs.2018.00062400440High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia EmissionKyoung S. Ro0Matias B. Vanotti1Ariel A. Szogi2John H. Loughrin3Patricia D. Millner4Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center (USDA-ARS), Florence, SC, United StatesCoastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center (USDA-ARS), Florence, SC, United StatesCoastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center (USDA-ARS), Florence, SC, United StatesFood Animal Environmental Systems Research (USDA-ARS), Bowling Green, KY, United StatesEnvironmental Microbial & Food Safety Lab (USDA-ARS), Beltsville, MD, United StatesA new treatment system was developed to meet multiple environmental performance standards including to substantially reduce ammonia emissions. It was tested full-scale for 2-years in a 5,145-head finishing swine farm with two anaerobic lagoons. The system combined high-rate solid-liquid separation with nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes. Both vertical radial plum mapping (VRPM) and floating static chamber techniques were used to measure NH3 emission fluxes from anaerobic storage lagoons and the total farm-level NH3 emission rates. The VRPM used an open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDL) and the flux chamber used a photoacoustic gas analyzer to accurately measure NH3 concentration. After the treatment system started, one of the two lagoons became inactive without receiving anymore flushed manure. The ammonia emission flux from the other lagoon with the treated effluent decreased from 43.9 to 6.8 kg-N ha−1 d−1 1.5 years after implementation of the new treatment system. The NH3 emission flux from the inactive lagoon also decreased similarly because the already stored old manure of the lagoon prior to inactivation was diluted with rainfalls and lost some NH3 via volatilization. The total farm-level NH3 emission rates decreased from 1.72 g s−1 to below detection level of the VRPM technique. Using the minimum detection level of the TDL with R2 > 90% (i.e., 8.1 8.1 μL L−1-m), the total farm-level NH3 emission rates in the second year were less than 0.04–0.15 g s−1. These results suggested that the impact of the new treatment system on NH3 emission reduction was equivalent to closing conventional swine lagoons while actively growing 5,145 pigs with minimal ammonia emissions from the farm.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fsufs.2018.00062/fulltotal farm ammonia emission rateswine lagoonmanure treatmentvertical radial plume mapping methodlagoon emission flux |
| spellingShingle | Kyoung S. Ro Matias B. Vanotti Ariel A. Szogi John H. Loughrin Patricia D. Millner High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia Emission Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems total farm ammonia emission rate swine lagoon manure treatment vertical radial plume mapping method lagoon emission flux |
| title | High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia Emission |
| title_full | High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia Emission |
| title_fullStr | High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia Emission |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia Emission |
| title_short | High-Rate Solid-Liquid Separation Coupled With Nitrogen and Phosphorous Treatment of Swine Manure: Effect on Ammonia Emission |
| title_sort | high rate solid liquid separation coupled with nitrogen and phosphorous treatment of swine manure effect on ammonia emission |
| topic | total farm ammonia emission rate swine lagoon manure treatment vertical radial plume mapping method lagoon emission flux |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fsufs.2018.00062/full |
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