Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird
Migratory soaring birds exhibit spatiotemporal variation in their circannual movements. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain how different winter environments affect the circannual movement patterns of migratory soaring birds. Here, we investigated annual movement strategies of American white pelicans...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/12/1109 |
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| author | Ryo Ogawa J. Brian Davis D. Tommy King L. Wes Burger Bronson K. Strickland Marsha A. Sovada Guiming Wang Fred L. Cunningham |
| author_facet | Ryo Ogawa J. Brian Davis D. Tommy King L. Wes Burger Bronson K. Strickland Marsha A. Sovada Guiming Wang Fred L. Cunningham |
| author_sort | Ryo Ogawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Migratory soaring birds exhibit spatiotemporal variation in their circannual movements. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain how different winter environments affect the circannual movement patterns of migratory soaring birds. Here, we investigated annual movement strategies of American white pelicans <i>Pelecanus erythrorhynchos</i> (hereafter, pelican) from two geographically distinct wintering grounds in the Southern and Northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). We hypothesized that hourly movement distance and home range size of a soaring bird would differ between different geographic regions because of different thermals and wind conditions and resource availability. We calculated average and maximum hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges of GPS-tracking pelicans. We then evaluated the effects of hour of the day, seasons, two wintering regions in the Southern and Northern GOM, human footprint index, and relative pelican abundance from Christmas Bird Count data on pelican hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. American white pelicans moved at greatest hourly distance near 1200 h at breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. Both wintering populations in the Northern and Southern GOM exhibited similar hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges at the shared breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. However, pelicans wintering in the Southern GOM showed shorter hourly movement distances and smaller seasonal home ranges than those in the Northern GOM. Hourly movement distances and home ranges of pelicans increased with increasing human footprint index. Winter hourly movements and home ranges of pelicans differed between the Northern and Southern GOM; however, the winter difference in pelican movements did not carry over to the shared breeding grounds during summers. Therefore, exogenous factors may be the primary drivers to shape the flying patterns of migratory soaring birds. |
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| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:06:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-002a6c60a99842c1a114f82bbba7a67d2023-11-24T14:23:46ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182022-12-011412110910.3390/d14121109Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring BirdRyo Ogawa0J. Brian Davis1D. Tommy King2L. Wes Burger3Bronson K. Strickland4Marsha A. Sovada5Guiming Wang6Fred L. Cunningham7Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USADepartment of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USADepartment of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USADepartment of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USAU.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, 8711 37th Street Southeast, Jamestown, ND 58401, USADepartment of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USAMigratory soaring birds exhibit spatiotemporal variation in their circannual movements. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain how different winter environments affect the circannual movement patterns of migratory soaring birds. Here, we investigated annual movement strategies of American white pelicans <i>Pelecanus erythrorhynchos</i> (hereafter, pelican) from two geographically distinct wintering grounds in the Southern and Northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). We hypothesized that hourly movement distance and home range size of a soaring bird would differ between different geographic regions because of different thermals and wind conditions and resource availability. We calculated average and maximum hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges of GPS-tracking pelicans. We then evaluated the effects of hour of the day, seasons, two wintering regions in the Southern and Northern GOM, human footprint index, and relative pelican abundance from Christmas Bird Count data on pelican hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. American white pelicans moved at greatest hourly distance near 1200 h at breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. Both wintering populations in the Northern and Southern GOM exhibited similar hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges at the shared breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. However, pelicans wintering in the Southern GOM showed shorter hourly movement distances and smaller seasonal home ranges than those in the Northern GOM. Hourly movement distances and home ranges of pelicans increased with increasing human footprint index. Winter hourly movements and home ranges of pelicans differed between the Northern and Southern GOM; however, the winter difference in pelican movements did not carry over to the shared breeding grounds during summers. Therefore, exogenous factors may be the primary drivers to shape the flying patterns of migratory soaring birds.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/12/1109American white pelicancircadian rhythmcircannual movement strategiesGPS trackinghome rangehourly movement distance |
| spellingShingle | Ryo Ogawa J. Brian Davis D. Tommy King L. Wes Burger Bronson K. Strickland Marsha A. Sovada Guiming Wang Fred L. Cunningham Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird Diversity American white pelican circadian rhythm circannual movement strategies GPS tracking home range hourly movement distance |
| title | Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird |
| title_full | Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird |
| title_fullStr | Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird |
| title_full_unstemmed | Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird |
| title_short | Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird |
| title_sort | migratory movements and home ranges of geographically distinct wintering populations of a soaring bird |
| topic | American white pelican circadian rhythm circannual movement strategies GPS tracking home range hourly movement distance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/12/1109 |
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