Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Bulukumba Regency is one of the major rice-producing areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and has experienced frequent climate disasters over the past decade. Several downstream villages within the Bettu River irrigation area have been affected by the drought, culminating in reduced lowland rice produ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Regional Sustainability |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666660X22000512 |
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| author | Arifah Darmawan Salman Amir Yassi Eymal Bahsar Demmallino |
| author_facet | Arifah Darmawan Salman Amir Yassi Eymal Bahsar Demmallino |
| author_sort | Arifah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bulukumba Regency is one of the major rice-producing areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and has experienced frequent climate disasters over the past decade. Several downstream villages within the Bettu River irrigation area have been affected by the drought, culminating in reduced lowland rice production and increasing the vulnerability of farmers’ livelihoods. This study aims to evaluate the vulnerability of the livelihood system among rice farmers in the Bettu River irrigation area by classifying the area into two zones based on the distance from the main irrigation canal, namely the upstream area and downstream area. The livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) framework and livelihood vulnerability index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) approach were applied by selecting geographic and socio-demographic indicators that affected the farmer households, including 8 major components and 26 sup-components. The data for LVI-IPCC estimation were collected by randomly selecting 132 households from villages in the two areas. The empirical results showed that farmers in the downstream area were more vulnerable to climate change than farmers in the upstream area. The major components causing the livelihood vulnerability of the downstream farmers were livelihood strategy, food, water, land, health, as well as natural disasters and climate variability. In particular, the sub-components of agricultural livelihood diversification, consistent water supply for farming, and drought events were important in the downstream area. Farmers in the upstream area were vulnerable to socio-demographic profile and social network components. The LVI-IPCC findings suggested that the government should prioritize farmers in the downstream area to develop resilience strategies, particularly by increasing irrigation infrastructure and the number of reservoirs and drilling holes. Furthermore, to increase their adaptive capacity in terms of diversification of agricultural livelihood systems, the government and donor agencies need to provide trainings on the development of home food industries for poor farmers and vulnerable households that were affected by disasters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:50:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0030d55fc170451a82827cb7ad5ad8eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-660X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:50:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Regional Sustainability |
| spelling | doaj.art-0030d55fc170451a82827cb7ad5ad8eb2022-12-27T04:38:18ZengKeAi Communications Co. Ltd.Regional Sustainability2666-660X2022-09-0133244253Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia Arifah0Darmawan Salman1Amir Yassi2Eymal Bahsar Demmallino3Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia; Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agriculture, Pangkep, 90652, IndonesiaFaculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, IndonesiaFaculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia; Corresponding author.Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, IndonesiaBulukumba Regency is one of the major rice-producing areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and has experienced frequent climate disasters over the past decade. Several downstream villages within the Bettu River irrigation area have been affected by the drought, culminating in reduced lowland rice production and increasing the vulnerability of farmers’ livelihoods. This study aims to evaluate the vulnerability of the livelihood system among rice farmers in the Bettu River irrigation area by classifying the area into two zones based on the distance from the main irrigation canal, namely the upstream area and downstream area. The livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) framework and livelihood vulnerability index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) approach were applied by selecting geographic and socio-demographic indicators that affected the farmer households, including 8 major components and 26 sup-components. The data for LVI-IPCC estimation were collected by randomly selecting 132 households from villages in the two areas. The empirical results showed that farmers in the downstream area were more vulnerable to climate change than farmers in the upstream area. The major components causing the livelihood vulnerability of the downstream farmers were livelihood strategy, food, water, land, health, as well as natural disasters and climate variability. In particular, the sub-components of agricultural livelihood diversification, consistent water supply for farming, and drought events were important in the downstream area. Farmers in the upstream area were vulnerable to socio-demographic profile and social network components. The LVI-IPCC findings suggested that the government should prioritize farmers in the downstream area to develop resilience strategies, particularly by increasing irrigation infrastructure and the number of reservoirs and drilling holes. Furthermore, to increase their adaptive capacity in terms of diversification of agricultural livelihood systems, the government and donor agencies need to provide trainings on the development of home food industries for poor farmers and vulnerable households that were affected by disasters.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666660X22000512Livelihood vulnerability index (LVI)Livelihood vulnerability index-intergovernmental panel on climate change (LVI-IPCC)Climate changeIrrigation areaLowland riceFarmer |
| spellingShingle | Arifah Darmawan Salman Amir Yassi Eymal Bahsar Demmallino Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia Regional Sustainability Livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) Livelihood vulnerability index-intergovernmental panel on climate change (LVI-IPCC) Climate change Irrigation area Lowland rice Farmer |
| title | Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia |
| title_full | Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia |
| title_short | Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia |
| title_sort | livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change a comparative analysis based on irrigation access in south sulawesi indonesia |
| topic | Livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) Livelihood vulnerability index-intergovernmental panel on climate change (LVI-IPCC) Climate change Irrigation area Lowland rice Farmer |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666660X22000512 |
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