Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing.
In females, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an epigenetic, gene dosage compensatory mechanism by inactivation of one copy of X in cells. Random XCI of one of the parental chromosomes results in an approximately equal proportion of cells expressing alleles from either the maternally or paternally...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4264736?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1811195309388201984 |
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| author | Szabolcs Szelinger Ivana Malenica Jason J Corneveaux Ashley L Siniard Ahmet A Kurdoglu Keri M Ramsey Isabelle Schrauwen Jeffrey M Trent Vinodh Narayanan Matthew J Huentelman David W Craig |
| author_facet | Szabolcs Szelinger Ivana Malenica Jason J Corneveaux Ashley L Siniard Ahmet A Kurdoglu Keri M Ramsey Isabelle Schrauwen Jeffrey M Trent Vinodh Narayanan Matthew J Huentelman David W Craig |
| author_sort | Szabolcs Szelinger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In females, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an epigenetic, gene dosage compensatory mechanism by inactivation of one copy of X in cells. Random XCI of one of the parental chromosomes results in an approximately equal proportion of cells expressing alleles from either the maternally or paternally inherited active X, and is defined by the XCI ratio. Skewed XCI ratio is suggestive of non-random inactivation, which can play an important role in X-linked genetic conditions. Current methods rely on indirect, semi-quantitative DNA methylation-based assay to estimate XCI ratio. Here we report a direct approach to estimate XCI ratio by integrated, family-trio based whole-exome and mRNA sequencing using phase-by-transmission of alleles coupled with allele-specific expression analysis. We applied this method to in silico data and to a clinical patient with mild cognitive impairment but no clear diagnosis or understanding molecular mechanism underlying the phenotype. Simulation showed that phased and unphased heterozygous allele expression can be used to estimate XCI ratio. Segregation analysis of the patient's exome uncovered a de novo, interstitial, 1.7 Mb deletion on Xp22.31 that originated on the paternally inherited X and previously been associated with heterogeneous, neurological phenotype. Phased, allelic expression data suggested an 83∶20 moderately skewed XCI that favored the expression of the maternally inherited, cytogenetically normal X and suggested that the deleterious affect of the de novo event on the paternal copy may be offset by skewed XCI that favors expression of the wild-type X. This study shows the utility of integrated sequencing approach in XCI ratio estimation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:41:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00332131dcc3496dab637e89e13e8379 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:41:17Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-00332131dcc3496dab637e89e13e83792022-12-22T03:54:59ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-01912e11303610.1371/journal.pone.0113036Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing.Szabolcs SzelingerIvana MalenicaJason J CorneveauxAshley L SiniardAhmet A KurdogluKeri M RamseyIsabelle SchrauwenJeffrey M TrentVinodh NarayananMatthew J HuentelmanDavid W CraigIn females, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an epigenetic, gene dosage compensatory mechanism by inactivation of one copy of X in cells. Random XCI of one of the parental chromosomes results in an approximately equal proportion of cells expressing alleles from either the maternally or paternally inherited active X, and is defined by the XCI ratio. Skewed XCI ratio is suggestive of non-random inactivation, which can play an important role in X-linked genetic conditions. Current methods rely on indirect, semi-quantitative DNA methylation-based assay to estimate XCI ratio. Here we report a direct approach to estimate XCI ratio by integrated, family-trio based whole-exome and mRNA sequencing using phase-by-transmission of alleles coupled with allele-specific expression analysis. We applied this method to in silico data and to a clinical patient with mild cognitive impairment but no clear diagnosis or understanding molecular mechanism underlying the phenotype. Simulation showed that phased and unphased heterozygous allele expression can be used to estimate XCI ratio. Segregation analysis of the patient's exome uncovered a de novo, interstitial, 1.7 Mb deletion on Xp22.31 that originated on the paternally inherited X and previously been associated with heterogeneous, neurological phenotype. Phased, allelic expression data suggested an 83∶20 moderately skewed XCI that favored the expression of the maternally inherited, cytogenetically normal X and suggested that the deleterious affect of the de novo event on the paternal copy may be offset by skewed XCI that favors expression of the wild-type X. This study shows the utility of integrated sequencing approach in XCI ratio estimation.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4264736?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Szabolcs Szelinger Ivana Malenica Jason J Corneveaux Ashley L Siniard Ahmet A Kurdoglu Keri M Ramsey Isabelle Schrauwen Jeffrey M Trent Vinodh Narayanan Matthew J Huentelman David W Craig Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing. PLoS ONE |
| title | Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing. |
| title_full | Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing. |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing. |
| title_short | Characterization of X chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole-exome and mRNA sequencing. |
| title_sort | characterization of x chromosome inactivation using integrated analysis of whole exome and mrna sequencing |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4264736?pdf=render |
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