Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats
This study examined the effects of defatted mealworm fermentation extract (MWF) on alcoholic liver injury in rats. The rats were fed either a Lieber-DeCarli control (Con) or alcohol liquid diet (EtOH). The alcohol-fed rats were administered MWF (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day) and silymarin (200 mg/kg/da...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/5/1426 |
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| author | Ra-Yeong Choi Ju Ri Ham Hyo-Seon Ryu Sang Suk Lee Michelle A. Miguel Man-Jeong Paik Moongi Ji Kyung-Wuk Park Kyung-Yun Kang Hae-In Lee Mi-Kyung Lee |
| author_facet | Ra-Yeong Choi Ju Ri Ham Hyo-Seon Ryu Sang Suk Lee Michelle A. Miguel Man-Jeong Paik Moongi Ji Kyung-Wuk Park Kyung-Yun Kang Hae-In Lee Mi-Kyung Lee |
| author_sort | Ra-Yeong Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examined the effects of defatted mealworm fermentation extract (MWF) on alcoholic liver injury in rats. The rats were fed either a Lieber-DeCarli control (Con) or alcohol liquid diet (EtOH). The alcohol-fed rats were administered MWF (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day) and silymarin (200 mg/kg/day) orally for eight weeks. MWF prevented alcohol-induced hepatocellular damage by decreasing their serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels significantly compared to the EtOH group. MWF effectively reduced the relative hepatic weight, lipid contents, and fat deposition, along with the down-regulation of transcriptional factors and genes involved in lipogenesis compared to the EtOH group. It also enhanced the antioxidant defense system by elevating the glutathione level and glutathione reductase activity. MWF attenuated the alcohol-induced inflammatory response by down-regulating hepatic inflammation-associated proteins expression, such as phosphorylated-inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B-alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in chronic alcohol-fed rats. Furthermore, sequencing analysis in the colonic microbiota showed that MWF tended to increase <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> reduced by chronic alcohol consumption. These findings suggest that MWF can attenuate alcoholic liver injury by regulating the lipogenic and inflammatory pathway and antioxidant defense system, as well as by partially altering the microbial composition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:49:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-003d915561744a8aba1282538faff0b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:49:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-003d915561744a8aba1282538faff0b62023-11-20T00:30:56ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432020-05-01125142610.3390/nu12051426Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed RatsRa-Yeong Choi0Ju Ri Ham1Hyo-Seon Ryu2Sang Suk Lee3Michelle A. Miguel4Man-Jeong Paik5Moongi Ji6Kyung-Wuk Park7Kyung-Yun Kang8Hae-In Lee9Mi-Kyung Lee10Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaSuncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines, Suncheon 57922, KoreaSuncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines, Suncheon 57922, KoreaMokpo Marin Food-Industry Research Center, Mokpo 58621, KoreaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, KoreaThis study examined the effects of defatted mealworm fermentation extract (MWF) on alcoholic liver injury in rats. The rats were fed either a Lieber-DeCarli control (Con) or alcohol liquid diet (EtOH). The alcohol-fed rats were administered MWF (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day) and silymarin (200 mg/kg/day) orally for eight weeks. MWF prevented alcohol-induced hepatocellular damage by decreasing their serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels significantly compared to the EtOH group. MWF effectively reduced the relative hepatic weight, lipid contents, and fat deposition, along with the down-regulation of transcriptional factors and genes involved in lipogenesis compared to the EtOH group. It also enhanced the antioxidant defense system by elevating the glutathione level and glutathione reductase activity. MWF attenuated the alcohol-induced inflammatory response by down-regulating hepatic inflammation-associated proteins expression, such as phosphorylated-inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B-alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in chronic alcohol-fed rats. Furthermore, sequencing analysis in the colonic microbiota showed that MWF tended to increase <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> reduced by chronic alcohol consumption. These findings suggest that MWF can attenuate alcoholic liver injury by regulating the lipogenic and inflammatory pathway and antioxidant defense system, as well as by partially altering the microbial composition.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/5/1426edible insectgut microflorainflammationsteatosis<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> |
| spellingShingle | Ra-Yeong Choi Ju Ri Ham Hyo-Seon Ryu Sang Suk Lee Michelle A. Miguel Man-Jeong Paik Moongi Ji Kyung-Wuk Park Kyung-Yun Kang Hae-In Lee Mi-Kyung Lee Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats Nutrients edible insect gut microflora inflammation steatosis <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> |
| title | Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats |
| title_full | Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats |
| title_fullStr | Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats |
| title_short | Defatted <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> Larva Fermentation Extract Modifies Steatosis, Inflammation and Intestinal Microflora in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats |
| title_sort | defatted i tenebrio molitor i larva fermentation extract modifies steatosis inflammation and intestinal microflora in chronic alcohol fed rats |
| topic | edible insect gut microflora inflammation steatosis <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/5/1426 |
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