Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared Spectroscopy
Pancreatic cancer claims over 460,000 victims per year. The carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 test is the blood test used for pancreatic cancer’s detection; however, its levels can be raised in symptomatic patients with other non-malignant diseases, or with other tumors in the surrounding area. Attenua...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/13/3048 |
| _version_ | 1797480718456061952 |
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| author | Alexandra Sala James M. Cameron Cerys A. Jenkins Hugh Barr Loren Christie Justin J. A. Conn Thomas R. Jeffry Evans Dean A. Harris David S. Palmer Christopher Rinaldi Ashton G. Theakstone Matthew J. Baker |
| author_facet | Alexandra Sala James M. Cameron Cerys A. Jenkins Hugh Barr Loren Christie Justin J. A. Conn Thomas R. Jeffry Evans Dean A. Harris David S. Palmer Christopher Rinaldi Ashton G. Theakstone Matthew J. Baker |
| author_sort | Alexandra Sala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pancreatic cancer claims over 460,000 victims per year. The carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 test is the blood test used for pancreatic cancer’s detection; however, its levels can be raised in symptomatic patients with other non-malignant diseases, or with other tumors in the surrounding area. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy has demonstrated exceptional potential in cancer diagnostics, and its clinical implementation could represent a significant step towards early detection. This proof-of-concept study, investigating the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy on dried blood serum, focused on the discrimination of both cancer versus healthy control samples, and cancer versus symptomatic non-malignant control samples, as a novel liquid biopsy approach for pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Machine learning algorithms were applied, achieving results of up to 92% sensitivity and 88% specificity when discriminating between cancers (<i>n</i> = 100) and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 100). An area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 was obtained through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Balanced sensitivity and specificity over 75%, with an AUC of 0.83, were achieved with cancers (<i>n</i> = 35) versus symptomatic controls (<i>n</i> = 35). Herein, we present these results as demonstration that our liquid biopsy approach could become a simple, minimally invasive, and reliable diagnostic test for pancreatic cancer detection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:04:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0044eb3760254d329d3b81ba81dc25cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:04:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-0044eb3760254d329d3b81ba81dc25cf2023-11-23T19:43:31ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-06-011413304810.3390/cancers14133048Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared SpectroscopyAlexandra Sala0James M. Cameron1Cerys A. Jenkins2Hugh Barr3Loren Christie4Justin J. A. Conn5Thomas R. Jeffry Evans6Dean A. Harris7David S. Palmer8Christopher Rinaldi9Ashton G. Theakstone10Matthew J. Baker11Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, Glasgow G1 1XL, UKDxcover Limited, Royal College Building, Glasgow G1 1XW, UKSwansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UKGloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester GL1 2EL, UKDepartment of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, Glasgow G1 1XL, UKDxcover Limited, Royal College Building, Glasgow G1 1XW, UKInstitute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UKSingleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Local Health Board, Swansea SA2 8QA, UKDepartment of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, Glasgow G1 1XL, UKDepartment of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, The Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow G1 1RD, UKDepartment of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, The Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow G1 1RD, UKDxcover Limited, Royal College Building, Glasgow G1 1XW, UKPancreatic cancer claims over 460,000 victims per year. The carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 test is the blood test used for pancreatic cancer’s detection; however, its levels can be raised in symptomatic patients with other non-malignant diseases, or with other tumors in the surrounding area. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy has demonstrated exceptional potential in cancer diagnostics, and its clinical implementation could represent a significant step towards early detection. This proof-of-concept study, investigating the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy on dried blood serum, focused on the discrimination of both cancer versus healthy control samples, and cancer versus symptomatic non-malignant control samples, as a novel liquid biopsy approach for pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Machine learning algorithms were applied, achieving results of up to 92% sensitivity and 88% specificity when discriminating between cancers (<i>n</i> = 100) and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 100). An area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 was obtained through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Balanced sensitivity and specificity over 75%, with an AUC of 0.83, were achieved with cancers (<i>n</i> = 35) versus symptomatic controls (<i>n</i> = 35). Herein, we present these results as demonstration that our liquid biopsy approach could become a simple, minimally invasive, and reliable diagnostic test for pancreatic cancer detection.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/13/3048infrared spectroscopyATR-FTIRpancreatic cancerserumadenocarcinomaPDAC |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Sala James M. Cameron Cerys A. Jenkins Hugh Barr Loren Christie Justin J. A. Conn Thomas R. Jeffry Evans Dean A. Harris David S. Palmer Christopher Rinaldi Ashton G. Theakstone Matthew J. Baker Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared Spectroscopy Cancers infrared spectroscopy ATR-FTIR pancreatic cancer serum adenocarcinoma PDAC |
| title | Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_full | Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_short | Liquid Biopsy for Pancreatic Cancer Detection Using Infrared Spectroscopy |
| title_sort | liquid biopsy for pancreatic cancer detection using infrared spectroscopy |
| topic | infrared spectroscopy ATR-FTIR pancreatic cancer serum adenocarcinoma PDAC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/13/3048 |
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