Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus
Brassica napus is an economically important crop across different continents including temperate and subtropical regions in Europe, Canada, South Asia, China and Australia. Its widespread cultivation also brings setbacks as it plays host to fungal, oomycete and chytrid pathogens that can lead to ser...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2017.01788/full |
| _version_ | 1811269600543768576 |
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| author | Ting Xiang Neik Martin J. Barbetti Jacqueline Batley |
| author_facet | Ting Xiang Neik Martin J. Barbetti Jacqueline Batley |
| author_sort | Ting Xiang Neik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brassica napus is an economically important crop across different continents including temperate and subtropical regions in Europe, Canada, South Asia, China and Australia. Its widespread cultivation also brings setbacks as it plays host to fungal, oomycete and chytrid pathogens that can lead to serious yield loss. For sustainable crop production, identification of resistance (R) genes in B. napus has become of critical importance. In this review, we discuss four key pathogens affecting Brassica crops: Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae), Blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa), Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), and Downy Mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica). We first review current studies covering prevalence of these pathogens on Brassica crops and highlight the R genes and QTL that have been identified from Brassica species against these pathogens. Insights into the relationships between the pathogen and its Brassica host, the unique host resistance mechanisms and how these affect resistance outcomes is also presented. We discuss challenges in identification and deployment of R genes in B. napus in relation to highly specific genetic interactions between host subpopulations and pathogen pathotypes and emphasize the need for common or shared techniques and research materials or tighter collaboration between researchers to reconcile the inconsistencies in the research outcomes. Using current genomics tools, we provide examples of how characterization and cloning of R genes in B. napus can be carried out more effectively. Lastly, we put forward strategies to breed resistant cultivars through introgressions supported by genomic approaches and suggest prospects that can be implemented in the future for a better, pathogen-resistant B. napus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:46:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-004eb3408fe94059b83f11b9a11998a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:46:03Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-004eb3408fe94059b83f11b9a11998a02022-12-22T03:15:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2017-11-01810.3389/fpls.2017.01788279962Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napusTing Xiang Neik0Martin J. Barbetti1Jacqueline Batley2School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AustraliaSchool of Agriculture and Environment and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AustraliaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AustraliaBrassica napus is an economically important crop across different continents including temperate and subtropical regions in Europe, Canada, South Asia, China and Australia. Its widespread cultivation also brings setbacks as it plays host to fungal, oomycete and chytrid pathogens that can lead to serious yield loss. For sustainable crop production, identification of resistance (R) genes in B. napus has become of critical importance. In this review, we discuss four key pathogens affecting Brassica crops: Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae), Blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa), Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), and Downy Mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica). We first review current studies covering prevalence of these pathogens on Brassica crops and highlight the R genes and QTL that have been identified from Brassica species against these pathogens. Insights into the relationships between the pathogen and its Brassica host, the unique host resistance mechanisms and how these affect resistance outcomes is also presented. We discuss challenges in identification and deployment of R genes in B. napus in relation to highly specific genetic interactions between host subpopulations and pathogen pathotypes and emphasize the need for common or shared techniques and research materials or tighter collaboration between researchers to reconcile the inconsistencies in the research outcomes. Using current genomics tools, we provide examples of how characterization and cloning of R genes in B. napus can be carried out more effectively. Lastly, we put forward strategies to breed resistant cultivars through introgressions supported by genomic approaches and suggest prospects that can be implemented in the future for a better, pathogen-resistant B. napus.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2017.01788/fullBrassica napusR genegenomicshost-pathogen interactionqualitative resistancepathotype |
| spellingShingle | Ting Xiang Neik Martin J. Barbetti Jacqueline Batley Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus Frontiers in Plant Science Brassica napus R gene genomics host-pathogen interaction qualitative resistance pathotype |
| title | Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus |
| title_full | Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus |
| title_fullStr | Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus |
| title_short | Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus |
| title_sort | current status and challenges in identifying disease resistance genes in brassica napus |
| topic | Brassica napus R gene genomics host-pathogen interaction qualitative resistance pathotype |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2017.01788/full |
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