Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories
Abstract Understanding how growth and reproduction will adapt to changing environmental conditions is a fundamental question in evolutionary ecology, but predicting the responses of specific taxa is challenging. Analyses of the physiological effects of climate change upon life history evolution rare...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13646 |
| _version_ | 1797294375225524224 |
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| author | Holly K. Kindsvater Maria‐José Juan‐Jordá Nicholas K. Dulvy Cat Horswill Jason Matthiopoulos Marc Mangel |
| author_facet | Holly K. Kindsvater Maria‐José Juan‐Jordá Nicholas K. Dulvy Cat Horswill Jason Matthiopoulos Marc Mangel |
| author_sort | Holly K. Kindsvater |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Understanding how growth and reproduction will adapt to changing environmental conditions is a fundamental question in evolutionary ecology, but predicting the responses of specific taxa is challenging. Analyses of the physiological effects of climate change upon life history evolution rarely consider alternative hypothesized mechanisms, such as size‐dependent foraging and the risk of predation, simultaneously shaping optimal growth patterns. To test for interactions between these mechanisms, we embedded a state‐dependent energetic model in an ecosystem size‐spectrum to ask whether prey availability (foraging) and risk of predation experienced by individual fish can explain observed diversity in life histories of fishes. We found that asymptotic growth emerged from size‐based foraging and reproductive and mortality patterns in the context of ecosystem food web interactions. While more productive ecosystems led to larger body sizes, the effects of temperature on metabolic costs had only small effects on size. To validate our model, we ran it for abiotic scenarios corresponding to the ecological lifestyles of three tuna species, considering environments that included seasonal variation in temperature. We successfully predicted realistic patterns of growth, reproduction, and mortality of all three tuna species. We found that individuals grew larger when environmental conditions varied seasonally, and spawning was restricted to part of the year (corresponding to their migration from temperate to tropical waters). Growing larger was advantageous because foraging and spawning opportunities were seasonally constrained. This mechanism could explain the evolution of gigantism in temperate tunas. Our approach addresses variation in food availability and individual risk as well as metabolic processes and offers a promising approach to understand fish life‐history responses to changing ocean conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:29:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0054eb8c292441ab897077f66af18054 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:29:21Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-0054eb8c292441ab897077f66af180542024-02-27T00:12:39ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712024-02-01172n/an/a10.1111/eva.13646Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life historiesHolly K. Kindsvater0Maria‐José Juan‐Jordá1Nicholas K. Dulvy2Cat Horswill3Jason Matthiopoulos4Marc Mangel5Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia USAEarth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia CanadaEarth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia CanadaZSL Institute of Zoology London UKInstitute of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow UKTheoretical Ecology Group, Department of Biology University of Bergen Bergen NorwayAbstract Understanding how growth and reproduction will adapt to changing environmental conditions is a fundamental question in evolutionary ecology, but predicting the responses of specific taxa is challenging. Analyses of the physiological effects of climate change upon life history evolution rarely consider alternative hypothesized mechanisms, such as size‐dependent foraging and the risk of predation, simultaneously shaping optimal growth patterns. To test for interactions between these mechanisms, we embedded a state‐dependent energetic model in an ecosystem size‐spectrum to ask whether prey availability (foraging) and risk of predation experienced by individual fish can explain observed diversity in life histories of fishes. We found that asymptotic growth emerged from size‐based foraging and reproductive and mortality patterns in the context of ecosystem food web interactions. While more productive ecosystems led to larger body sizes, the effects of temperature on metabolic costs had only small effects on size. To validate our model, we ran it for abiotic scenarios corresponding to the ecological lifestyles of three tuna species, considering environments that included seasonal variation in temperature. We successfully predicted realistic patterns of growth, reproduction, and mortality of all three tuna species. We found that individuals grew larger when environmental conditions varied seasonally, and spawning was restricted to part of the year (corresponding to their migration from temperate to tropical waters). Growing larger was advantageous because foraging and spawning opportunities were seasonally constrained. This mechanism could explain the evolution of gigantism in temperate tunas. Our approach addresses variation in food availability and individual risk as well as metabolic processes and offers a promising approach to understand fish life‐history responses to changing ocean conditions.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13646body sizeclimate changeecosystem size spectrametabolic theorystate‐dependent models |
| spellingShingle | Holly K. Kindsvater Maria‐José Juan‐Jordá Nicholas K. Dulvy Cat Horswill Jason Matthiopoulos Marc Mangel Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories Evolutionary Applications body size climate change ecosystem size spectra metabolic theory state‐dependent models |
| title | Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories |
| title_full | Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories |
| title_fullStr | Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories |
| title_full_unstemmed | Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories |
| title_short | Size‐dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories |
| title_sort | size dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories |
| topic | body size climate change ecosystem size spectra metabolic theory state‐dependent models |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13646 |
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