Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling Techniques
This study evaluated the spatiotemporal variability of water quality in the Han River Basin (HRB) as well as the contributions of potential pollution sources using multivariate statistical and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) modeling techniques. From 2011 to...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2469 |
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| author | Yong-Chul Cho Hyeonmi Choi Soon-Ju Yu Sang-Hun Kim Jong-Kwon Im |
| author_facet | Yong-Chul Cho Hyeonmi Choi Soon-Ju Yu Sang-Hun Kim Jong-Kwon Im |
| author_sort | Yong-Chul Cho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study evaluated the spatiotemporal variability of water quality in the Han River Basin (HRB) as well as the contributions of potential pollution sources using multivariate statistical and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) modeling techniques. From 2011 to 2020, data on water quality parameters were collected from 14 sites in the Ministry of Environment’s water quality monitoring network. Using spatiotemporal cluster analysis, these sites were classified into two periods over the year (dry and wet seasons) and into three regions: low pollution region (LPR), moderate pollution region (MPR), and high pollution region (HPR). Through principal component analysis, we identified four potential factors accounting for 80.1% and 74.1% of the total variance in the LPR and MPR, respectively, and three that accounted for 72.7% of the total variance in the HPR. APCS-MLR results indicated domestic sewage and phytoplankton growth (25%), domestic sewage and seasonal influence (29%), and point pollution sources caused by domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge (31%) as potential factors for the LPR, MPR, and HPR. These results demonstrate that the multivariate statistical techniques and the APCS-MLR model can be effectively used to monitor network design, quantitatively evaluate potential pollution sources, and establish efficient water quality management policies. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-005992098cdd4089bceac1eca57cdc98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:40:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-005992098cdd4089bceac1eca57cdc982023-11-23T03:22:21ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-12-011112246910.3390/agronomy11122469Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling TechniquesYong-Chul Cho0Hyeonmi Choi1Soon-Ju Yu2Sang-Hun Kim3Jong-Kwon Im4Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Dumulmeori-gil 68beon-gil, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Incheon 12585, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaHan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Dumulmeori-gil 68beon-gil, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Incheon 12585, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaHan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Dumulmeori-gil 68beon-gil, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Incheon 12585, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaHan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Dumulmeori-gil 68beon-gil, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Incheon 12585, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaHan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42, Dumulmeori-gil 68beon-gil, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Incheon 12585, Gyeonggi-do, KoreaThis study evaluated the spatiotemporal variability of water quality in the Han River Basin (HRB) as well as the contributions of potential pollution sources using multivariate statistical and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) modeling techniques. From 2011 to 2020, data on water quality parameters were collected from 14 sites in the Ministry of Environment’s water quality monitoring network. Using spatiotemporal cluster analysis, these sites were classified into two periods over the year (dry and wet seasons) and into three regions: low pollution region (LPR), moderate pollution region (MPR), and high pollution region (HPR). Through principal component analysis, we identified four potential factors accounting for 80.1% and 74.1% of the total variance in the LPR and MPR, respectively, and three that accounted for 72.7% of the total variance in the HPR. APCS-MLR results indicated domestic sewage and phytoplankton growth (25%), domestic sewage and seasonal influence (29%), and point pollution sources caused by domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge (31%) as potential factors for the LPR, MPR, and HPR. These results demonstrate that the multivariate statistical techniques and the APCS-MLR model can be effectively used to monitor network design, quantitatively evaluate potential pollution sources, and establish efficient water quality management policies.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2469statistical analysiscluster analysisprincipal component analysispotential pollution sourceAPCS-MLR modeling |
| spellingShingle | Yong-Chul Cho Hyeonmi Choi Soon-Ju Yu Sang-Hun Kim Jong-Kwon Im Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling Techniques Agronomy statistical analysis cluster analysis principal component analysis potential pollution source APCS-MLR modeling |
| title | Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling Techniques |
| title_full | Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling Techniques |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling Techniques |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling Techniques |
| title_short | Assessment of Spatiotemporal Variations in the Water Quality of the Han River Basin, South Korea, Using Multivariate Statistical and APCS-MLR Modeling Techniques |
| title_sort | assessment of spatiotemporal variations in the water quality of the han river basin south korea using multivariate statistical and apcs mlr modeling techniques |
| topic | statistical analysis cluster analysis principal component analysis potential pollution source APCS-MLR modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2469 |
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