Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk
A total of 24 crossbred (Vrindavani) calves were selected and allocated to four groups (6 per group) as control (C), treatment 1 (T1), treatment 2 (T2) and treatment 3 (T3). During the experimental period, the calves in C were fed only whole milk, whereas the calves in T1, T2 and T3 groups were fed...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Indian Council of Agricultural Research
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Animal Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAnS/article/view/86386 |
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| author | THAMOTHIRAN K P K BHARTI G K GAUR MUKESH SINGH S A KOCHEWAD SEEMA YADAV ARUN SOMAGOND TRIVENI DUTT |
| author_facet | THAMOTHIRAN K P K BHARTI G K GAUR MUKESH SINGH S A KOCHEWAD SEEMA YADAV ARUN SOMAGOND TRIVENI DUTT |
| author_sort | THAMOTHIRAN K |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A total of 24 crossbred (Vrindavani) calves were selected and allocated to four groups (6 per group) as control (C), treatment 1 (T1), treatment 2 (T2) and treatment 3 (T3). During the experimental period, the calves in C were fed only whole milk, whereas the calves in T1, T2 and T3 groups were fed skim milk at the rate of 25, 50 and 75% of total liquid feed, respectively from 22nd day of age. Proportion of skim milk was further increased to 50, 75 and 100% of total liquid feed requirement in T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively from 45th day of age onwards. Finally, in all the treatment groups, 100% skim milk was fed from 64 to 72 days of age. The total body weight gain of calves was 24.90±1.24, 25.12±3.95, 25.37±3.02 and 26.42±2.30 kg for control, T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively which differed nonsignificantly from each other. The average daily gain did not differ significantly for any week during the experiment. The calf starter intake was significantly higher in T3 group compared to C from 4 to 6 weeks of age but both the groups differed non-significantly with T1 and T2. The total dry matter intake and feed efficiency did not differ significantly between the groups. Inclusion of skim milk in replacement with whole milk reduced the feeding cost up to 23.95% in T3 group in comparison to control during milk feeding phase without any adverse effect on growth of crossbred calves. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:45:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00635cb0f1ce4289a2eeb482abdd01c5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0367-8318 2394-3327 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:45:04Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Indian Council of Agricultural Research |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Animal Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-00635cb0f1ce4289a2eeb482abdd01c52023-02-23T10:36:07ZengIndian Council of Agricultural ResearchIndian Journal of Animal Sciences0367-83182394-33272019-01-0189110.56093/ijans.v89i1.86386Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milkTHAMOTHIRAN K0P K BHARTI1G K GAUR2MUKESH SINGH3S A KOCHEWAD4SEEMA YADAV5ARUN SOMAGOND6TRIVENI DUTT7MVSc Scholar, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaScientist, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaPrincipal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaPrincipal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaScientist, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaMVSc Scholar, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaMVSc Scholar, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaJoint Director, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 IndiaA total of 24 crossbred (Vrindavani) calves were selected and allocated to four groups (6 per group) as control (C), treatment 1 (T1), treatment 2 (T2) and treatment 3 (T3). During the experimental period, the calves in C were fed only whole milk, whereas the calves in T1, T2 and T3 groups were fed skim milk at the rate of 25, 50 and 75% of total liquid feed, respectively from 22nd day of age. Proportion of skim milk was further increased to 50, 75 and 100% of total liquid feed requirement in T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively from 45th day of age onwards. Finally, in all the treatment groups, 100% skim milk was fed from 64 to 72 days of age. The total body weight gain of calves was 24.90±1.24, 25.12±3.95, 25.37±3.02 and 26.42±2.30 kg for control, T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively which differed nonsignificantly from each other. The average daily gain did not differ significantly for any week during the experiment. The calf starter intake was significantly higher in T3 group compared to C from 4 to 6 weeks of age but both the groups differed non-significantly with T1 and T2. The total dry matter intake and feed efficiency did not differ significantly between the groups. Inclusion of skim milk in replacement with whole milk reduced the feeding cost up to 23.95% in T3 group in comparison to control during milk feeding phase without any adverse effect on growth of crossbred calves.https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAnS/article/view/86386Crossbred calvesDry matter intakeFeeding costGrowthSkim milk |
| spellingShingle | THAMOTHIRAN K P K BHARTI G K GAUR MUKESH SINGH S A KOCHEWAD SEEMA YADAV ARUN SOMAGOND TRIVENI DUTT Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk Indian Journal of Animal Sciences Crossbred calves Dry matter intake Feeding cost Growth Skim milk |
| title | Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk |
| title_full | Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk |
| title_fullStr | Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk |
| title_short | Performance and economics of Vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk |
| title_sort | performance and economics of vrindavani calves fed on various proportions of whole and skim milk |
| topic | Crossbred calves Dry matter intake Feeding cost Growth Skim milk |
| url | https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJAnS/article/view/86386 |
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