Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> Removal
In this study, iron oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) was coated with ZrO<sub>2</sub>, and doped with three rare earth elements((Y/La/Ce), and a multi-staged rare earth doped zirconia adsorbent was prepared by using uniform design U<sub>14</sub>, Res...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-08-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/9/2177 |
| _version_ | 1797517909241626624 |
|---|---|
| author | Easar Alam Qiyan Feng Hong Yang Jiaxi Fan Sameena Mumtaz Farida Begum |
| author_facet | Easar Alam Qiyan Feng Hong Yang Jiaxi Fan Sameena Mumtaz Farida Begum |
| author_sort | Easar Alam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, iron oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) was coated with ZrO<sub>2</sub>, and doped with three rare earth elements((Y/La/Ce), and a multi-staged rare earth doped zirconia adsorbent was prepared by using uniform design U<sub>14</sub>, Response Surface methodology, and orthogonal design, to remove As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> from the aqueous solution. Based on the results of TEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and N<sub>2</sub>-adsorption desorption test, the best molar ratio of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:TMAOH:Zirconium butoxide:Y:La:Ce was selected as 1:12:11:1:0.02:0.08. The specific surface area and porosity was 263 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and 0.156 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, respectively. The isothermal curves and fitting equation parameters show that Langmuir model, and Redlich Peterson model fitted well. As per calculations of the Langmuir model, the highest adsorption capacities for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> ions were recorded as 68.33 mg/g, 84.23 mg/g, respectively. The fitting curves and equations of the kinetic models favors the quasi second order kinetic model. Material regeneration was very effective, and even in the last cycle the regeneration capacities of both As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> were 75.15%, and 77.59%, respectively. Adsorption and regeneration results suggest that adsorbent has easy synthesis method, and reusable, so it can be used as a potential adsorbent for the removal of arsenic from aqueous solution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:22:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00657e8dbbad4814af5d9fb4373308a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:22:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-00657e8dbbad4814af5d9fb4373308a12023-11-22T14:28:27ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-08-01119217710.3390/nano11092177Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> RemovalEasar Alam0Qiyan Feng1Hong Yang2Jiaxi Fan3Sameena Mumtaz4Farida Begum5Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Karakoram International University, Gilgit 15100, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Science, Karakoram International University, Gilgit 15100, PakistanIn this study, iron oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) was coated with ZrO<sub>2</sub>, and doped with three rare earth elements((Y/La/Ce), and a multi-staged rare earth doped zirconia adsorbent was prepared by using uniform design U<sub>14</sub>, Response Surface methodology, and orthogonal design, to remove As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> from the aqueous solution. Based on the results of TEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and N<sub>2</sub>-adsorption desorption test, the best molar ratio of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:TMAOH:Zirconium butoxide:Y:La:Ce was selected as 1:12:11:1:0.02:0.08. The specific surface area and porosity was 263 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and 0.156 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, respectively. The isothermal curves and fitting equation parameters show that Langmuir model, and Redlich Peterson model fitted well. As per calculations of the Langmuir model, the highest adsorption capacities for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> ions were recorded as 68.33 mg/g, 84.23 mg/g, respectively. The fitting curves and equations of the kinetic models favors the quasi second order kinetic model. Material regeneration was very effective, and even in the last cycle the regeneration capacities of both As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> were 75.15%, and 77.59%, respectively. Adsorption and regeneration results suggest that adsorbent has easy synthesis method, and reusable, so it can be used as a potential adsorbent for the removal of arsenic from aqueous solution.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/9/2177magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>uniform designsurface response methodologymulti-staged dopingarsenic (III & V) removal |
| spellingShingle | Easar Alam Qiyan Feng Hong Yang Jiaxi Fan Sameena Mumtaz Farida Begum Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> Removal Nanomaterials magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> uniform design surface response methodology multi-staged doping arsenic (III & V) removal |
| title | Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> Removal |
| title_full | Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> Removal |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> Removal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> Removal |
| title_short | Synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@mZrO<sub>2</sub>-Re (Re = Y/La/Ce) by Using Uniform Design, Surface Response Methodology, and Orthogonal Design & Its Application for As<sup>3+</sup> and As<sup>5+</sup> Removal |
| title_sort | synthesis of fe sub 3 sub o sub 4 sub mzro sub 2 sub re re y la ce by using uniform design surface response methodology and orthogonal design its application for as sup 3 sup and as sup 5 sup removal |
| topic | magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> uniform design surface response methodology multi-staged doping arsenic (III & V) removal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/9/2177 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT easaralam synthesisoffesub3subosub4submzrosub2subrereylacebyusinguniformdesignsurfaceresponsemethodologyandorthogonaldesignitsapplicationforassup3supandassup5supremoval AT qiyanfeng synthesisoffesub3subosub4submzrosub2subrereylacebyusinguniformdesignsurfaceresponsemethodologyandorthogonaldesignitsapplicationforassup3supandassup5supremoval AT hongyang synthesisoffesub3subosub4submzrosub2subrereylacebyusinguniformdesignsurfaceresponsemethodologyandorthogonaldesignitsapplicationforassup3supandassup5supremoval AT jiaxifan synthesisoffesub3subosub4submzrosub2subrereylacebyusinguniformdesignsurfaceresponsemethodologyandorthogonaldesignitsapplicationforassup3supandassup5supremoval AT sameenamumtaz synthesisoffesub3subosub4submzrosub2subrereylacebyusinguniformdesignsurfaceresponsemethodologyandorthogonaldesignitsapplicationforassup3supandassup5supremoval AT faridabegum synthesisoffesub3subosub4submzrosub2subrereylacebyusinguniformdesignsurfaceresponsemethodologyandorthogonaldesignitsapplicationforassup3supandassup5supremoval |