Anomalous Cognition: An Umbrella Review of the Meta-Analytic Evidence
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the results of all meta-analyses on anomalous cognition conducted between 1989 and 2021 in order to find moderators associated with greater effect sizes. Method: We included all meta-analyses of studies related to anomalous cognition published up to 20...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Parapsychology Foundation
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.lub.lu.se/jaex/article/view/23206 |
| Summary: | Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the results of all meta-analyses on anomalous cognition conducted between 1989 and 2021 in order to find moderators associated with greater effect sizes. Method: We included all meta-analyses of studies related to anomalous cognition published up to 2021. Results: Our dataset, accumulated over more than 80 years of investigation, refers to 11 meta-analyses related to six different states of consciousness. The evidence clearly shows that anomalous cognition seems possible and its effects can be enhanced by using a combination of some non-ordinary or altered states of consciousness (e.g., dreaming, ganzfeld, etc.), coupled with free-response procedures, or neurophysiological dependent variables. These conditions facilitate an alternative form of cognition seemingly unconstrained by the known biological characteristics of the sense organs and the brain. Conclusion: The accumulated evidence expands our understanding of the mind-brain relation and the nature of the human mind. |
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| ISSN: | 2004-1977 2004-1969 |