Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in Humans
Costa Rica harbors several flaviviruses, including Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). While DENV and ZIKV are hyperendemic, previous research indicates restricted circulation of SLEV and WNV in animals. SLEV and WNV seroprevalence and high t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/1/7 |
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| author | Marta Piche-Ovares Mario Romero-Vega Diana Vargas-González Daniel Felipe Barrantes Murillo Claudio Soto-Garita Jennifer Francisco-Llamas Alejandro Alfaro-Alarcón Carlos Jiménez Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar |
| author_facet | Marta Piche-Ovares Mario Romero-Vega Diana Vargas-González Daniel Felipe Barrantes Murillo Claudio Soto-Garita Jennifer Francisco-Llamas Alejandro Alfaro-Alarcón Carlos Jiménez Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar |
| author_sort | Marta Piche-Ovares |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Costa Rica harbors several flaviviruses, including Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). While DENV and ZIKV are hyperendemic, previous research indicates restricted circulation of SLEV and WNV in animals. SLEV and WNV seroprevalence and high transmission areas have not yet been measured. To determine the extents of putative WNV and SLEV circulation, we sampled peri-domestic and domestic animals, humans, and mosquitoes in rural households located in two DENV and ZIKV hyperendemic regions during the rainy and dry seasons of 2017–2018 and conducted plaque reduction neutralization test assay for serology (PRNT) and RT-PCR for virus detection. In Cuajiniquil, serological evidence of WNV and SLEV was found in equines, humans, chickens, and wild birds. Additionally, five seroconversion events were recorded for WNV (2 equines), SLEV (1 human), and DENV-1 (2 humans). In Talamanca, WNV was not found, but serological evidence of SLEV circulation was recorded in equines, humans, and wild birds. Even though no active viral infection was detected, the seroconversion events recorded here indicate recent circulation of SLEV and WNV in these two regions. This study thus provides clear-cut evidence for WNV and SLEV presence in these areas, and therefore, they should be considered in arboviruses differential diagnostics and future infection prevention campaigns. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:30:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0074f23016e9433982de5cb7e9220ac6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:30:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-0074f23016e9433982de5cb7e9220ac62023-11-30T23:52:28ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-12-01121710.3390/pathogens12010007Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in HumansMarta Piche-Ovares0Mario Romero-Vega1Diana Vargas-González2Daniel Felipe Barrantes Murillo3Claudio Soto-Garita4Jennifer Francisco-Llamas5Alejandro Alfaro-Alarcón6Carlos Jiménez7Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar8Virology-CIET (Research Center for Tropical Diseases), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa RicaDepartment of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa RicaPIET (Tropical Disease Research Program), Department of Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa RicaDepartment of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa RicaVirology-CIET (Research Center for Tropical Diseases), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa RicaSchool of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 248153, USADepartment of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa RicaPIET (Tropical Disease Research Program), Department of Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa RicaVirology-CIET (Research Center for Tropical Diseases), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa RicaCosta Rica harbors several flaviviruses, including Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). While DENV and ZIKV are hyperendemic, previous research indicates restricted circulation of SLEV and WNV in animals. SLEV and WNV seroprevalence and high transmission areas have not yet been measured. To determine the extents of putative WNV and SLEV circulation, we sampled peri-domestic and domestic animals, humans, and mosquitoes in rural households located in two DENV and ZIKV hyperendemic regions during the rainy and dry seasons of 2017–2018 and conducted plaque reduction neutralization test assay for serology (PRNT) and RT-PCR for virus detection. In Cuajiniquil, serological evidence of WNV and SLEV was found in equines, humans, chickens, and wild birds. Additionally, five seroconversion events were recorded for WNV (2 equines), SLEV (1 human), and DENV-1 (2 humans). In Talamanca, WNV was not found, but serological evidence of SLEV circulation was recorded in equines, humans, and wild birds. Even though no active viral infection was detected, the seroconversion events recorded here indicate recent circulation of SLEV and WNV in these two regions. This study thus provides clear-cut evidence for WNV and SLEV presence in these areas, and therefore, they should be considered in arboviruses differential diagnostics and future infection prevention campaigns.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/1/7flavivirusCosta RicaWNVSLEVseroepidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Marta Piche-Ovares Mario Romero-Vega Diana Vargas-González Daniel Felipe Barrantes Murillo Claudio Soto-Garita Jennifer Francisco-Llamas Alejandro Alfaro-Alarcón Carlos Jiménez Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in Humans Pathogens flavivirus Costa Rica WNV SLEV seroepidemiology |
| title | Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in Humans |
| title_full | Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in Humans |
| title_fullStr | Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in Humans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in Humans |
| title_short | Serosurvey in Two Dengue Hyperendemic Areas of Costa Rica Evidence Active Circulation of WNV and SLEV in Peri-Domestic and Domestic Animals and in Humans |
| title_sort | serosurvey in two dengue hyperendemic areas of costa rica evidence active circulation of wnv and slev in peri domestic and domestic animals and in humans |
| topic | flavivirus Costa Rica WNV SLEV seroepidemiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/1/7 |
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