The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019
IntroductionCurrent published long-term provincial or territorial congenital anomaly data are lacking for Canada. We report on prevalence (per 1000 total births) and trends in 1997–2019, in Alberta, Canada, for selected congenital anomalies. Associated risk factors are also discuss...
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| Language: | English |
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Public Health Agency of Canada
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada |
| Online Access: | https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/reports-publications/health-promotion-chronic-disease-prevention-canada-research-policy-practice/vol-43-no-1-2023/alberta-congenital-anomalies-surveillance-system-40-year-review-prevalence-trends-1997-2019.html |
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| author | R. Brian Lowry Tanya Bedard Xin Grevers Susan Crawford Steven C. Greenway Mary E. Brindle Harvey B. Sarnat A. Robertson Harrop Gerhard N. Kiefer Mary Thomas |
| author_facet | R. Brian Lowry Tanya Bedard Xin Grevers Susan Crawford Steven C. Greenway Mary E. Brindle Harvey B. Sarnat A. Robertson Harrop Gerhard N. Kiefer Mary Thomas |
| author_sort | R. Brian Lowry |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
IntroductionCurrent published long-term provincial or territorial congenital anomaly data are lacking for Canada. We report on prevalence (per 1000 total births) and trends in 1997–2019, in Alberta, Canada, for selected congenital anomalies. Associated risk factors are also discussed.
MethodsWe used data from the Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System (ACASS) to calculate the prevalence and perform chi-square linear trend analyses.
ResultsFrom 1997 to 2019, the overall prevalence of neural tube defects was stable, at 0.74 per 1000 total births. The same was true for spina bifida (0.38), orofacial clefts (1.99), more severe CHDs (transposition of the great arteries, 0.38; tetralogy of Fallot, 0.33; and hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 0.32); and gastroschisis (0.38). Anencephaly, cleft palate and anorectal malformation significantly decreased with a prevalence of 0.23, 0.75 and 0.54 per 1000 total births, respectively. Significantly increasing trends were reported for anotia/microtia (0.24), limb reduction anomalies (0.73), omphalocele (0.36) and Down syndrome (2.21) and for hypospadias and undescended testes (4.68 and 5.29, respectively, per 1000 male births).
ConclusionCongenital anomalies are an important public health concern with significant social and societal costs. Surveillance data gathered by ACASS for over 40 years can be used for planning and policy decisions and the evaluation of prevention strategies. Contributing genetic and environmental factors are discussed as is the need for continued surveillance and research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:44:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-007dedce446948fbad9935d2e0966e99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2368-738X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:44:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Health Agency of Canada |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada |
| spelling | doaj.art-007dedce446948fbad9935d2e0966e992023-01-18T15:48:41ZengPublic Health Agency of CanadaHealth Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada2368-738X2023-01-01431404810.24095/hpcdp.43.1.04The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019R. Brian Lowry0Tanya Bedard1Xin Grevers2Susan Crawford3Steven C. Greenway4Mary E. Brindle5Harvey B. Sarnat6A. Robertson Harrop7Gerhard N. Kiefer8Mary Thomas9Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaAlberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaAlberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaAlberta Perinatal Health Program, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaAlberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaAlberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaSection of Pediatric Surgery, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, CanadaAlberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada IntroductionCurrent published long-term provincial or territorial congenital anomaly data are lacking for Canada. We report on prevalence (per 1000 total births) and trends in 1997–2019, in Alberta, Canada, for selected congenital anomalies. Associated risk factors are also discussed. MethodsWe used data from the Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System (ACASS) to calculate the prevalence and perform chi-square linear trend analyses. ResultsFrom 1997 to 2019, the overall prevalence of neural tube defects was stable, at 0.74 per 1000 total births. The same was true for spina bifida (0.38), orofacial clefts (1.99), more severe CHDs (transposition of the great arteries, 0.38; tetralogy of Fallot, 0.33; and hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 0.32); and gastroschisis (0.38). Anencephaly, cleft palate and anorectal malformation significantly decreased with a prevalence of 0.23, 0.75 and 0.54 per 1000 total births, respectively. Significantly increasing trends were reported for anotia/microtia (0.24), limb reduction anomalies (0.73), omphalocele (0.36) and Down syndrome (2.21) and for hypospadias and undescended testes (4.68 and 5.29, respectively, per 1000 male births). ConclusionCongenital anomalies are an important public health concern with significant social and societal costs. Surveillance data gathered by ACASS for over 40 years can be used for planning and policy decisions and the evaluation of prevention strategies. Contributing genetic and environmental factors are discussed as is the need for continued surveillance and research.https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/reports-publications/health-promotion-chronic-disease-prevention-canada-research-policy-practice/vol-43-no-1-2023/alberta-congenital-anomalies-surveillance-system-40-year-review-prevalence-trends-1997-2019.html |
| spellingShingle | R. Brian Lowry Tanya Bedard Xin Grevers Susan Crawford Steven C. Greenway Mary E. Brindle Harvey B. Sarnat A. Robertson Harrop Gerhard N. Kiefer Mary Thomas The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019 Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada |
| title | The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019 |
| title_full | The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019 |
| title_fullStr | The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019 |
| title_short | The Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System: a 40-year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies, 1997–2019 |
| title_sort | alberta congenital anomalies surveillance system a 40 year review with prevalence and trends for selected congenital anomalies 1997 2019 |
| url | https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/reports-publications/health-promotion-chronic-disease-prevention-canada-research-policy-practice/vol-43-no-1-2023/alberta-congenital-anomalies-surveillance-system-40-year-review-prevalence-trends-1997-2019.html |
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