Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity
Heavy metal such as arsenite (As<sup>III</sup>) is a threat worldwide. Thus, to mitigate As<sup>III</sup> toxicity on plants, we investigated the interactive effect of olive solid waste (OSW) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on wheat plants under As<sup>III</su...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1100 |
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| author | Mha Albqmi Samy Selim Mohammad M. Al-Sanea Taghreed S. Alnusaire Mohammed S. Almuhayawi Soad K. Al Jaouni Shaimaa Hussein Mona Warrad Mahmoud R. Sofy Hamada AbdElgawad |
| author_facet | Mha Albqmi Samy Selim Mohammad M. Al-Sanea Taghreed S. Alnusaire Mohammed S. Almuhayawi Soad K. Al Jaouni Shaimaa Hussein Mona Warrad Mahmoud R. Sofy Hamada AbdElgawad |
| author_sort | Mha Albqmi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heavy metal such as arsenite (As<sup>III</sup>) is a threat worldwide. Thus, to mitigate As<sup>III</sup> toxicity on plants, we investigated the interactive effect of olive solid waste (OSW) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on wheat plants under As<sup>III</sup> stress. To this end, wheat seeds were grown in soils treated with OSW (4% <i>w/w</i>), AMF-inoculation, and/or As<sup>III</sup> treated soil (100 mg/kg soil). AMF colonization is reduced by As<sup>III</sup> but to a lesser extent under As<sup>III</sup> + OSW. AMF and OSW interactive effects also improved soil fertility and increased wheat plants’ growth, particularly under As<sup>III</sup> stress. The interactions between OSW and AMF treatments reduced As<sup>III</sup>-induced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> accumulation. Less H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production consequently reduced As<sup>III</sup>-related oxidative damages i.e., lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) (58%), compared to As stress. This can be explained by the increase in wheat’s antioxidant defense system. OSW and AMF increased total antioxidant content, phenol, flavonoids, and α-tocopherol by approximately 34%, 63%, 118%, 232%, and 93%, respectively, compared to As stress. The combined effect also significantly induced anthocyanins accumulation. The combination of OSW+AMF improved antioxidants enzymes activity, where superoxide dismutase (SOD, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were increased by 98%, 121%, 105%, 129%, and 110.29%, respectively, compared to As<sup>III</sup> stress. This can be explained by induced anthocyanin percussors phenylalanine, cinamic acid and naringenin, and biosynthesic enzymes (phenylalanine aminolayse (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS)). Overall, this study suggested the effectiveness of OSW and AMF as a promising approach to mitigate As<sup>III</sup> toxicity on wheat growth, physiology, and biochemistry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:13:06Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:13:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-0083c20a27e74342b2135c3c85a9472f2023-11-17T08:24:07ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-03-01125110010.3390/plants12051100Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite ToxicityMha Albqmi0Samy Selim1Mohammad M. Al-Sanea2Taghreed S. Alnusaire3Mohammed S. Almuhayawi4Soad K. Al Jaouni5Shaimaa Hussein6Mona Warrad7Mahmoud R. Sofy8Hamada AbdElgawad9Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, Al Qurayyat 77447, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Qurayyat 77425, Saudi ArabiaBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, EgyptDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, EgyptHeavy metal such as arsenite (As<sup>III</sup>) is a threat worldwide. Thus, to mitigate As<sup>III</sup> toxicity on plants, we investigated the interactive effect of olive solid waste (OSW) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on wheat plants under As<sup>III</sup> stress. To this end, wheat seeds were grown in soils treated with OSW (4% <i>w/w</i>), AMF-inoculation, and/or As<sup>III</sup> treated soil (100 mg/kg soil). AMF colonization is reduced by As<sup>III</sup> but to a lesser extent under As<sup>III</sup> + OSW. AMF and OSW interactive effects also improved soil fertility and increased wheat plants’ growth, particularly under As<sup>III</sup> stress. The interactions between OSW and AMF treatments reduced As<sup>III</sup>-induced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> accumulation. Less H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production consequently reduced As<sup>III</sup>-related oxidative damages i.e., lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) (58%), compared to As stress. This can be explained by the increase in wheat’s antioxidant defense system. OSW and AMF increased total antioxidant content, phenol, flavonoids, and α-tocopherol by approximately 34%, 63%, 118%, 232%, and 93%, respectively, compared to As stress. The combined effect also significantly induced anthocyanins accumulation. The combination of OSW+AMF improved antioxidants enzymes activity, where superoxide dismutase (SOD, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were increased by 98%, 121%, 105%, 129%, and 110.29%, respectively, compared to As<sup>III</sup> stress. This can be explained by induced anthocyanin percussors phenylalanine, cinamic acid and naringenin, and biosynthesic enzymes (phenylalanine aminolayse (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS)). Overall, this study suggested the effectiveness of OSW and AMF as a promising approach to mitigate As<sup>III</sup> toxicity on wheat growth, physiology, and biochemistry.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1100olive solid wasteAMF colonizationredox balancephotorespirationanthocyanin metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Mha Albqmi Samy Selim Mohammad M. Al-Sanea Taghreed S. Alnusaire Mohammed S. Almuhayawi Soad K. Al Jaouni Shaimaa Hussein Mona Warrad Mahmoud R. Sofy Hamada AbdElgawad Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity Plants olive solid waste AMF colonization redox balance photorespiration anthocyanin metabolism |
| title | Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity |
| title_full | Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity |
| title_fullStr | Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity |
| title_short | Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity |
| title_sort | interactive effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi amf and olive solid waste on wheat under arsenite toxicity |
| topic | olive solid waste AMF colonization redox balance photorespiration anthocyanin metabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1100 |
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