Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems
Due to their distinctive structural features, lyotropic nonlamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs), such as cubosomes and hexosomes, are considered effective drug delivery systems. Cubosomes have a lipid bilayer that makes a membrane lattice with two water channels that are intertwined. He...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/5/1421 |
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| author | Jassica S. L. Leu Jasy J. X. Teoh Angel L. Q. Ling Joey Chong Yan Shan Loo Intan Diana Mat Azmi Noor Idayu Zahid Rajendran J. C. Bose Thiagarajan Madheswaran |
| author_facet | Jassica S. L. Leu Jasy J. X. Teoh Angel L. Q. Ling Joey Chong Yan Shan Loo Intan Diana Mat Azmi Noor Idayu Zahid Rajendran J. C. Bose Thiagarajan Madheswaran |
| author_sort | Jassica S. L. Leu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to their distinctive structural features, lyotropic nonlamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs), such as cubosomes and hexosomes, are considered effective drug delivery systems. Cubosomes have a lipid bilayer that makes a membrane lattice with two water channels that are intertwined. Hexosomes are inverse hexagonal phases made of an infinite number of hexagonal lattices that are tightly connected with water channels. These nanostructures are often stabilized by surfactants. The structure’s membrane has a much larger surface area than that of other lipid nanoparticles, which makes it possible to load therapeutic molecules. In addition, the composition of mesophases can be modified by pore diameters, thus influencing drug release. Much research has been conducted in recent years to improve their preparation and characterization, as well as to control drug release and improve the efficacy of loaded bioactive chemicals. This article reviews current advances in LCNP technology that permit their application, as well as design ideas for revolutionary biomedical applications. Furthermore, we have provided a summary of the application of LCNPs based on the administration routes, including the pharmacokinetic modulation property. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:23:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0098ccf38feb4ca78dee9d29e2852bde |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:23:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0098ccf38feb4ca78dee9d29e2852bde2023-11-18T02:51:21ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232023-05-01155142110.3390/pharmaceutics15051421Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery SystemsJassica S. L. Leu0Jasy J. X. Teoh1Angel L. Q. Ling2Joey Chong3Yan Shan Loo4Intan Diana Mat Azmi5Noor Idayu Zahid6Rajendran J. C. Bose7Thiagarajan Madheswaran8School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Selangor, MalaysiaSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Selangor, MalaysiaSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Selangor, MalaysiaSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaCentre for Fundamental and Frontier Sciences in Nanostructure Self-Assembly, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Selangor, MalaysiaMasonic Medical Research Institute, 2150 Bleecker St, Utica, NY 13501, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Selangor, MalaysiaDue to their distinctive structural features, lyotropic nonlamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs), such as cubosomes and hexosomes, are considered effective drug delivery systems. Cubosomes have a lipid bilayer that makes a membrane lattice with two water channels that are intertwined. Hexosomes are inverse hexagonal phases made of an infinite number of hexagonal lattices that are tightly connected with water channels. These nanostructures are often stabilized by surfactants. The structure’s membrane has a much larger surface area than that of other lipid nanoparticles, which makes it possible to load therapeutic molecules. In addition, the composition of mesophases can be modified by pore diameters, thus influencing drug release. Much research has been conducted in recent years to improve their preparation and characterization, as well as to control drug release and improve the efficacy of loaded bioactive chemicals. This article reviews current advances in LCNP technology that permit their application, as well as design ideas for revolutionary biomedical applications. Furthermore, we have provided a summary of the application of LCNPs based on the administration routes, including the pharmacokinetic modulation property.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/5/1421liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs)cubosomeshexosomesdrug delivery systemsvaccine deliverytheranostics |
| spellingShingle | Jassica S. L. Leu Jasy J. X. Teoh Angel L. Q. Ling Joey Chong Yan Shan Loo Intan Diana Mat Azmi Noor Idayu Zahid Rajendran J. C. Bose Thiagarajan Madheswaran Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems Pharmaceutics liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs) cubosomes hexosomes drug delivery systems vaccine delivery theranostics |
| title | Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems |
| title_full | Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems |
| title_short | Recent Advances in the Development of Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems |
| title_sort | recent advances in the development of liquid crystalline nanoparticles as drug delivery systems |
| topic | liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs) cubosomes hexosomes drug delivery systems vaccine delivery theranostics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/5/1421 |
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