Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus
The presence of latently infected cells and reservoirs in HIV-1 infected patients constitutes a significant obstacle to achieve a definitive cure. Despite the efforts dedicated to solve these issues, the mechanisms underlying viral latency are still under study. Thus, on the one hand, new strategies...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/10/1257 |
| _version_ | 1827678857863364608 |
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| author | Gloria Magro Arianna Calistri Cristina Parolin |
| author_facet | Gloria Magro Arianna Calistri Cristina Parolin |
| author_sort | Gloria Magro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presence of latently infected cells and reservoirs in HIV-1 infected patients constitutes a significant obstacle to achieve a definitive cure. Despite the efforts dedicated to solve these issues, the mechanisms underlying viral latency are still under study. Thus, on the one hand, new strategies are needed to elucidate which factors are involved in latency establishment and maintenance. On the other hand, innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at eradicating HIV infection are explored. In this context, advances of the versatile CRISPR-Cas gene editing technology are extremely promising, by providing, among other advantages, the possibility to target the HIV-1 genome once integrated into cellular DNA (provirus) and/or host-specific genes involved in virus infection/latency. This system, up to now, has been employed with success in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, highlighting its increasing significance in the field. In this review, we focus on the progresses made in the use of different CRISPR-Cas strategies to target the HIV-1 provirus, and we then discuss recent advancements in the use of CRISPR screens to elucidate the role of host-specific factors in viral latency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:16:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-009d8ca57d884f57a53fb3ce49ff78ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:16:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-009d8ca57d884f57a53fb3ce49ff78ea2023-11-22T19:33:07ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-09-011010125710.3390/pathogens10101257Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the ProvirusGloria Magro0Arianna Calistri1Cristina Parolin2Department of Molecular Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, ItalyThe presence of latently infected cells and reservoirs in HIV-1 infected patients constitutes a significant obstacle to achieve a definitive cure. Despite the efforts dedicated to solve these issues, the mechanisms underlying viral latency are still under study. Thus, on the one hand, new strategies are needed to elucidate which factors are involved in latency establishment and maintenance. On the other hand, innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at eradicating HIV infection are explored. In this context, advances of the versatile CRISPR-Cas gene editing technology are extremely promising, by providing, among other advantages, the possibility to target the HIV-1 genome once integrated into cellular DNA (provirus) and/or host-specific genes involved in virus infection/latency. This system, up to now, has been employed with success in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, highlighting its increasing significance in the field. In this review, we focus on the progresses made in the use of different CRISPR-Cas strategies to target the HIV-1 provirus, and we then discuss recent advancements in the use of CRISPR screens to elucidate the role of host-specific factors in viral latency.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/10/1257HIV latencyCRISPR-Casgene editingCRISPR screenshost dependency factors |
| spellingShingle | Gloria Magro Arianna Calistri Cristina Parolin Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus Pathogens HIV latency CRISPR-Cas gene editing CRISPR screens host dependency factors |
| title | Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus |
| title_full | Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus |
| title_fullStr | Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus |
| title_short | Targeting and Understanding HIV Latency: The CRISPR System against the Provirus |
| title_sort | targeting and understanding hiv latency the crispr system against the provirus |
| topic | HIV latency CRISPR-Cas gene editing CRISPR screens host dependency factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/10/1257 |
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