Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seed
This study critically examined the visibility of Asimina triloba oil for synthesis of biodiesel in the presence of ethanolic CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst developed from residual wood ash powder. The oil was extracted using continuous extraction method. The physicochemical properties of the oil was de...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016422000743 |
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| author | T.F. Adepoju E. Victor E.I. Ekop R.E. Emberru T.A. Balogun A.D. Adeniyi |
| author_facet | T.F. Adepoju E. Victor E.I. Ekop R.E. Emberru T.A. Balogun A.D. Adeniyi |
| author_sort | T.F. Adepoju |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study critically examined the visibility of Asimina triloba oil for synthesis of biodiesel in the presence of ethanolic CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst developed from residual wood ash powder. The oil was extracted using continuous extraction method. The physicochemical properties of the oil was determined for its production routes Two steps reaction process were adopted; first to lower the acid value of Asimina triloba oil by considering three factors namely; HClO3 conc., M-OH/Oil molar ratio, and reaction time. The second step convert the esterified oil to biodiesel by considering three variables namely: reaction time: X1, catalyst amount: X2, and E-OH/oil molar ratio: X3 as variables constraint using I-Optimal design by. Catalyst obtained from (RWA) was characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRF-FT, BET isothermal adsorption, and qualitative analysis. Catalyst reusability, and economical appraisal of the biodiesel synthesized were also examined. The results showed that Asimina triloba seed is rich in oil with 40.34%, and the oil is highly unsaturated with 88.90%, having high acid value of 3.80 mg KOH/g oil. Based on first step, the acid value of the oil was reduced to 1.20 mg KOH/g oil which was used as esterified oil in the second stage. A maximum experimental biodiesel yield of 98.73% (vol/vol) was obtained, but I-optimal design predicted 98.93% (vol/vol) yield at the following variables conditions; X1 = 59.976 (min), X2 = 3.204 (% wt.); X3 = 6.979 (vol/vol) which was validated as 98.87% (vol/vol). Catalyst characterization showed that the RWA contained high amount of CaO of 42.516 (% wt.), K2O of 12.168 (% wt.), and SiO2 of 23.942 (% wt.) which serve as base catalyst. Catalyst reusability showed that the catalyst RWA degradation effects start at 8th cycles, and the economic appraisal showed the production of biodiesel using Asimina triloba oil is cost effective fuel properties in line with biofuel standard. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:05:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-009e4b0155724ec1a0324647946a13e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-0164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:05:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-009e4b0155724ec1a0324647946a13e92022-12-22T03:48:37ZengElsevierCase Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering2666-01642022-12-016100252Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seedT.F. Adepoju0E. Victor1E.I. Ekop2R.E. Emberru3T.A. Balogun4A.D. Adeniyi5Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, P.M.B 126, Yenagoa, Nigeria; Corresponding author.Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering Department, Akwa-Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A., Akwa-Ibom State. Nigeria. P.M.B, 1167, Uyo, NigeriaAgricultural and Biosystem Engineering Department, Akwa-Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A., Akwa-Ibom State. Nigeria. P.M.B, 1167, Uyo, NigeriaChemical Engineering Department, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, P.M.B 126, Yenagoa, NigeriaChemical Engineering Department, River State University, Port Harcourt, River State, NigeriaElectrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, P.M.B 126, Yenagoa, NigeriaThis study critically examined the visibility of Asimina triloba oil for synthesis of biodiesel in the presence of ethanolic CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst developed from residual wood ash powder. The oil was extracted using continuous extraction method. The physicochemical properties of the oil was determined for its production routes Two steps reaction process were adopted; first to lower the acid value of Asimina triloba oil by considering three factors namely; HClO3 conc., M-OH/Oil molar ratio, and reaction time. The second step convert the esterified oil to biodiesel by considering three variables namely: reaction time: X1, catalyst amount: X2, and E-OH/oil molar ratio: X3 as variables constraint using I-Optimal design by. Catalyst obtained from (RWA) was characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRF-FT, BET isothermal adsorption, and qualitative analysis. Catalyst reusability, and economical appraisal of the biodiesel synthesized were also examined. The results showed that Asimina triloba seed is rich in oil with 40.34%, and the oil is highly unsaturated with 88.90%, having high acid value of 3.80 mg KOH/g oil. Based on first step, the acid value of the oil was reduced to 1.20 mg KOH/g oil which was used as esterified oil in the second stage. A maximum experimental biodiesel yield of 98.73% (vol/vol) was obtained, but I-optimal design predicted 98.93% (vol/vol) yield at the following variables conditions; X1 = 59.976 (min), X2 = 3.204 (% wt.); X3 = 6.979 (vol/vol) which was validated as 98.87% (vol/vol). Catalyst characterization showed that the RWA contained high amount of CaO of 42.516 (% wt.), K2O of 12.168 (% wt.), and SiO2 of 23.942 (% wt.) which serve as base catalyst. Catalyst reusability showed that the catalyst RWA degradation effects start at 8th cycles, and the economic appraisal showed the production of biodiesel using Asimina triloba oil is cost effective fuel properties in line with biofuel standard.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016422000743Green dieselAsimina triloba seedEconomic appraisalReusabilityResidual wood ashUnsaturated |
| spellingShingle | T.F. Adepoju E. Victor E.I. Ekop R.E. Emberru T.A. Balogun A.D. Adeniyi Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seed Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering Green diesel Asimina triloba seed Economic appraisal Reusability Residual wood ash Unsaturated |
| title | Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seed |
| title_full | Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seed |
| title_fullStr | Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seed |
| title_short | Residual wood ash powder: A predecessor for the synthesis of CaO–K2O –SiO2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from Asimina triloba oil seed |
| title_sort | residual wood ash powder a predecessor for the synthesis of cao k2o sio2 base catalyst employed for the production of biodiesel from asimina triloba oil seed |
| topic | Green diesel Asimina triloba seed Economic appraisal Reusability Residual wood ash Unsaturated |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016422000743 |
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