Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber Nanocomposites
A zinc hydroxystannate/sepiolite (SEPZHS) hybrid additive was successfully prepared following a facile wet chemical route synthesis where zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) nanoparticles were grown on the sepiolite’s surface. SEPZHS particles have a fibrillar structure with ZHS nanoparticles homogeneously d...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/18/6297 |
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| author | María Luisa Puertas Teresa Durán José Florindo Bartolomé Antonio Esteban-Cubillo |
| author_facet | María Luisa Puertas Teresa Durán José Florindo Bartolomé Antonio Esteban-Cubillo |
| author_sort | María Luisa Puertas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A zinc hydroxystannate/sepiolite (SEPZHS) hybrid additive was successfully prepared following a facile wet chemical route synthesis where zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) nanoparticles were grown on the sepiolite’s surface. SEPZHS particles have a fibrillar structure with ZHS nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed and with significantly smaller particle sizes than the synthesized ZHS nanoparticles alone. Sepiolite and SEPZHS were organically modified and introduced in a basic ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) formulation for cable to evaluate the nanocomposite behavior under direct fire sources. The results confirmed the synergistic effect of the hybrid SEPZHS additive in the formation of a most stable and efficient char barrier, thus improving the flame-retardant behavior of EPDM nanocomposite in terms of heat emission, with reductions of more than 40% in the peak of Heat Release Rate (cone calorimeter test), and smoke suppression, with more than 25% reduction in the Total Smoke Production and Smoke Density parameters (smoke chamber test). Moreover, the addition of sepiolite-based additives increased the mechanical properties (hardness) of the nanocomposites, as a result of the matrix reinforcement. This suggests that the SEPZHS hybrid additive may provide a promising option for a new, cost-effective, eco-friendly, yet efficient flame-retardant solution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:18:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00b1d18853a84b5082ad780c15df7db7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:18:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-00b1d18853a84b5082ad780c15df7db72023-11-23T17:31:08ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-09-011518629710.3390/ma15186297Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber NanocompositesMaría Luisa Puertas0Teresa Durán1José Florindo Bartolomé2Antonio Esteban-Cubillo3Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28006 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, SpainResearch and Development Department, Tolsa S. A., 28031 Madrid, SpainA zinc hydroxystannate/sepiolite (SEPZHS) hybrid additive was successfully prepared following a facile wet chemical route synthesis where zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) nanoparticles were grown on the sepiolite’s surface. SEPZHS particles have a fibrillar structure with ZHS nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed and with significantly smaller particle sizes than the synthesized ZHS nanoparticles alone. Sepiolite and SEPZHS were organically modified and introduced in a basic ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) formulation for cable to evaluate the nanocomposite behavior under direct fire sources. The results confirmed the synergistic effect of the hybrid SEPZHS additive in the formation of a most stable and efficient char barrier, thus improving the flame-retardant behavior of EPDM nanocomposite in terms of heat emission, with reductions of more than 40% in the peak of Heat Release Rate (cone calorimeter test), and smoke suppression, with more than 25% reduction in the Total Smoke Production and Smoke Density parameters (smoke chamber test). Moreover, the addition of sepiolite-based additives increased the mechanical properties (hardness) of the nanocomposites, as a result of the matrix reinforcement. This suggests that the SEPZHS hybrid additive may provide a promising option for a new, cost-effective, eco-friendly, yet efficient flame-retardant solution.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/18/6297sepioliteflame retardantrubbercomposite |
| spellingShingle | María Luisa Puertas Teresa Durán José Florindo Bartolomé Antonio Esteban-Cubillo Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber Nanocomposites Materials sepiolite flame retardant rubber composite |
| title | Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber Nanocomposites |
| title_full | Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber Nanocomposites |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber Nanocomposites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber Nanocomposites |
| title_short | Synthesis of a Zinc Hydroxystannate/Sepiolite Hybrid Additive to Avoid Fire Propagation and Reduce Smoke Emission of EPDM Rubber Nanocomposites |
| title_sort | synthesis of a zinc hydroxystannate sepiolite hybrid additive to avoid fire propagation and reduce smoke emission of epdm rubber nanocomposites |
| topic | sepiolite flame retardant rubber composite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/18/6297 |
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