Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions
Abstract This study examined the impact of a variable, facial expression, on the social perception and personality trait stereotypic inferences made to age and gender. Twelve facial photographs of young and old female and male models posing with either smiling, scowling, or neutral facial expression...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Humanities & Social Sciences Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-0504-6 |
| _version_ | 1818456499790282752 |
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| author | Mary Katherine Radeke Anthony John Stahelski |
| author_facet | Mary Katherine Radeke Anthony John Stahelski |
| author_sort | Mary Katherine Radeke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study examined the impact of a variable, facial expression, on the social perception and personality trait stereotypic inferences made to age and gender. Twelve facial photographs of young and old female and male models posing with either smiling, scowling, or neutral facial expressions were presented to participants who judged various social perceptions and personality traits. Results indicated that facial expression is strongly associated with two very different inference groupings. Smiling induced positive inferences, creating a Halo Effect, scowling induced negative inferences, creating a Horns Effect. Smiling influenced the age and gender inferences in a positive direction, and scowling did the opposite. The age and gender stereotypical inferences made to the neutral facial expression were in-between smiling and scowling. In all model configurations, the impact of smiling or scowling on the inference process was much stronger than either age or gender. However, significant age and gender inference differences were found in all three facial expression conditions, indicating that facial expressions did not completely subdue the use of these variables as inference inducers. The results are discussed in terms of how specific facial expressions can be used to positively or negatively influence age and gender stereotypes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T22:27:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00beeda9b8a64b2c92710714918a58c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2662-9992 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T22:27:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Springer Nature |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Humanities & Social Sciences Communications |
| spelling | doaj.art-00beeda9b8a64b2c92710714918a58c42022-12-21T22:45:18ZengSpringer NatureHumanities & Social Sciences Communications2662-99922020-07-017111110.1057/s41599-020-0504-6Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressionsMary Katherine Radeke0Anthony John Stahelski1Psychology Department, Central Washington UniversityPsychology Department, Central Washington UniversityAbstract This study examined the impact of a variable, facial expression, on the social perception and personality trait stereotypic inferences made to age and gender. Twelve facial photographs of young and old female and male models posing with either smiling, scowling, or neutral facial expressions were presented to participants who judged various social perceptions and personality traits. Results indicated that facial expression is strongly associated with two very different inference groupings. Smiling induced positive inferences, creating a Halo Effect, scowling induced negative inferences, creating a Horns Effect. Smiling influenced the age and gender inferences in a positive direction, and scowling did the opposite. The age and gender stereotypical inferences made to the neutral facial expression were in-between smiling and scowling. In all model configurations, the impact of smiling or scowling on the inference process was much stronger than either age or gender. However, significant age and gender inference differences were found in all three facial expression conditions, indicating that facial expressions did not completely subdue the use of these variables as inference inducers. The results are discussed in terms of how specific facial expressions can be used to positively or negatively influence age and gender stereotypes.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-0504-6 |
| spellingShingle | Mary Katherine Radeke Anthony John Stahelski Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions Humanities & Social Sciences Communications |
| title | Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions |
| title_full | Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions |
| title_fullStr | Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions |
| title_short | Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions |
| title_sort | altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the halo and horns effects with facial expressions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-0504-6 |
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