Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity?
Objective: Anti-HBs antibodies are elicited upon hepatitis B vaccination, and concentrations above 10 mIU/mL are considered protective. Our aim was to assess the relationship between IU/mL of anti-HBs and neutralization activity. Methods: Immunoglobulins G (IgGs) were purified from individuals who r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/4/791 |
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| author | Yada Aronthippaitoon Nathan Szerman Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong Syria Laperche Marie-Noelle Ungeheuer Camille Sureau Woottichai Khamduang Catherine Gaudy-Graffin |
| author_facet | Yada Aronthippaitoon Nathan Szerman Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong Syria Laperche Marie-Noelle Ungeheuer Camille Sureau Woottichai Khamduang Catherine Gaudy-Graffin |
| author_sort | Yada Aronthippaitoon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Anti-HBs antibodies are elicited upon hepatitis B vaccination, and concentrations above 10 mIU/mL are considered protective. Our aim was to assess the relationship between IU/mL of anti-HBs and neutralization activity. Methods: Immunoglobulins G (IgGs) were purified from individuals who received a serum-derived vaccine (Group 1), a recombinant vaccine, Genevac-B or Engerix-B (Group 2), or who recovered from acute infection (Group 3). IgGs were tested for anti-HBs, anti-preS1, and anti-preS2 antibodies and for their neutralizing activity in an in vitro infection assay. Results: Anti-HBs IUs/mL value did not strictly correlate with neutralization activity. The Group 1 antibodies demonstrated a greater neutralizing activity than those of Group 2. Anti-preS1 antibodies were detected in Groups 1 and 3, and anti-preS2 in Group 1 and Group 2/Genhevac-B, but the contribution of anti-preS antibodies to neutralization could not be demonstrated. Virions bearing immune escape HBsAg variants were less susceptible to neutralization than wild-type virions. Conclusion. The level of anti-HBs antibodies in IUs is not sufficient to assess neutralizing activity. Consequently, (i) an in vitro neutralization assay should be included in the quality control procedures of antibody preparations intended for HB prophylaxis or immunotherapy, and (ii) a greater emphasis should be placed on ensuring that vaccine genotype/subtype matches with that of the circulating HBV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:26:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00c837484ea4427288ad4f52f7bea3bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:26:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-00c837484ea4427288ad4f52f7bea3bc2023-11-17T21:41:47ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-04-0111479110.3390/vaccines11040791Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity?Yada Aronthippaitoon0Nathan Szerman1Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong2Syria Laperche3Marie-Noelle Ungeheuer4Camille Sureau5Woottichai Khamduang6Catherine Gaudy-Graffin7Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandLaboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHRU, Université of Tours, INSERM U1259, 37044 Tours, FranceDepartment of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandInstitut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, CNR Risques Infectieux Transfusionnels, 75015 Paris, FranceCenter for Translational Science, ICAReB, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, FranceInstitut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, CNR Risques Infectieux Transfusionnels, 75015 Paris, FranceDepartment of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandLaboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHRU, Université of Tours, INSERM U1259, 37044 Tours, FranceObjective: Anti-HBs antibodies are elicited upon hepatitis B vaccination, and concentrations above 10 mIU/mL are considered protective. Our aim was to assess the relationship between IU/mL of anti-HBs and neutralization activity. Methods: Immunoglobulins G (IgGs) were purified from individuals who received a serum-derived vaccine (Group 1), a recombinant vaccine, Genevac-B or Engerix-B (Group 2), or who recovered from acute infection (Group 3). IgGs were tested for anti-HBs, anti-preS1, and anti-preS2 antibodies and for their neutralizing activity in an in vitro infection assay. Results: Anti-HBs IUs/mL value did not strictly correlate with neutralization activity. The Group 1 antibodies demonstrated a greater neutralizing activity than those of Group 2. Anti-preS1 antibodies were detected in Groups 1 and 3, and anti-preS2 in Group 1 and Group 2/Genhevac-B, but the contribution of anti-preS antibodies to neutralization could not be demonstrated. Virions bearing immune escape HBsAg variants were less susceptible to neutralization than wild-type virions. Conclusion. The level of anti-HBs antibodies in IUs is not sufficient to assess neutralizing activity. Consequently, (i) an in vitro neutralization assay should be included in the quality control procedures of antibody preparations intended for HB prophylaxis or immunotherapy, and (ii) a greater emphasis should be placed on ensuring that vaccine genotype/subtype matches with that of the circulating HBV.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/4/791HBV vaccineanti-HBs international unitsanti-HBs neutralizing activityHBV infectivity neutralization |
| spellingShingle | Yada Aronthippaitoon Nathan Szerman Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong Syria Laperche Marie-Noelle Ungeheuer Camille Sureau Woottichai Khamduang Catherine Gaudy-Graffin Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity? Vaccines HBV vaccine anti-HBs international units anti-HBs neutralizing activity HBV infectivity neutralization |
| title | Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity? |
| title_full | Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity? |
| title_fullStr | Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity? |
| title_short | Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity? |
| title_sort | are international units of anti hbs antibodies always indicative of hepatitis b virus neutralizing activity |
| topic | HBV vaccine anti-HBs international units anti-HBs neutralizing activity HBV infectivity neutralization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/4/791 |
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