Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position?
Numerous experiments in the past decades recurrently showed that a transposed-letter pseudoword (e.g., JUGDE) is much more wordlike than a replacement-letter control (e.g., JUPTE). Critically, there is an ongoing debate as to whether this effect arises at a perceptual level (e.g., perceptual uncerta...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Vision |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/5/1/12 |
| _version_ | 1797414493152608256 |
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| author | Manuel Perea Ana Baciero Ana Marcet María Fernández-López Pablo Gómez |
| author_facet | Manuel Perea Ana Baciero Ana Marcet María Fernández-López Pablo Gómez |
| author_sort | Manuel Perea |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Numerous experiments in the past decades recurrently showed that a transposed-letter pseudoword (e.g., JUGDE) is much more wordlike than a replacement-letter control (e.g., JUPTE). Critically, there is an ongoing debate as to whether this effect arises at a perceptual level (e.g., perceptual uncertainty at assigning letter position of an array of visual objects) or at an abstract language-specific level (e.g., via a level of “open bigrams” between the letter and word levels). Here, we designed an experiment to test the limits of perceptual accounts of letter position coding. The stimuli in a lexical decision task were presented either with a homogeneous letter intensity or with a graded gray intensity, which indicated an unambiguous letter order. The pseudowords were either transposed-letter pseudowords or replaced-letter pseudowords (e.g., jugde vs. jupte). The results showed much longer response times and substantially more errors in the transposed-letter pseudowords than in the replacement-letter pseudowords, regardless of visual format. These findings favor the idea that language-specific orthographic element factors play an essential role when encoding letter position during word recognition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:34:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00d4513c3c204a3e8edd9bd7211db63c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2411-5150 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:34:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vision |
| spelling | doaj.art-00d4513c3c204a3e8edd9bd7211db63c2023-12-03T12:29:45ZengMDPI AGVision2411-51502021-03-01511210.3390/vision5010012Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position?Manuel Perea0Ana Baciero1Ana Marcet2María Fernández-López3Pablo Gómez4Departamento de Metodología and ERI-Lectura, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, SpainCentro de Ciencia Cognitiva, Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 28015 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainDepartamento de Metodología and ERI-Lectura, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Psychology, Palm Desert Campus, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USANumerous experiments in the past decades recurrently showed that a transposed-letter pseudoword (e.g., JUGDE) is much more wordlike than a replacement-letter control (e.g., JUPTE). Critically, there is an ongoing debate as to whether this effect arises at a perceptual level (e.g., perceptual uncertainty at assigning letter position of an array of visual objects) or at an abstract language-specific level (e.g., via a level of “open bigrams” between the letter and word levels). Here, we designed an experiment to test the limits of perceptual accounts of letter position coding. The stimuli in a lexical decision task were presented either with a homogeneous letter intensity or with a graded gray intensity, which indicated an unambiguous letter order. The pseudowords were either transposed-letter pseudowords or replaced-letter pseudowords (e.g., jugde vs. jupte). The results showed much longer response times and substantially more errors in the transposed-letter pseudowords than in the replacement-letter pseudowords, regardless of visual format. These findings favor the idea that language-specific orthographic element factors play an essential role when encoding letter position during word recognition.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/5/1/12word recognitionletter position codingperceptual factorslexical decisionorthographic processing |
| spellingShingle | Manuel Perea Ana Baciero Ana Marcet María Fernández-López Pablo Gómez Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position? Vision word recognition letter position coding perceptual factors lexical decision orthographic processing |
| title | Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position? |
| title_full | Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position? |
| title_fullStr | Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position? |
| title_short | Do Grading Gray Stimuli Help to Encode Letter Position? |
| title_sort | do grading gray stimuli help to encode letter position |
| topic | word recognition letter position coding perceptual factors lexical decision orthographic processing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/5/1/12 |
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