Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis
ABSTRACTSpecies’ continuity depends on gametogenesis to produce the only cell types that can transmit genetic information across generations. Spermiogenesis, which encompasses post-meiotic, haploid stages of male gametogenesis, is a process that leads to the formation of sperm cells well-known for t...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Nucleus |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19491034.2024.2339220 |
| _version_ | 1797216000839516160 |
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| author | Maiko Kitaoka Yukiko M. Yamashita |
| author_facet | Maiko Kitaoka Yukiko M. Yamashita |
| author_sort | Maiko Kitaoka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACTSpecies’ continuity depends on gametogenesis to produce the only cell types that can transmit genetic information across generations. Spermiogenesis, which encompasses post-meiotic, haploid stages of male gametogenesis, is a process that leads to the formation of sperm cells well-known for their motility. Spermiogenesis faces three major challenges. First, after two rounds of meiotic divisions, the genome lacks repair templates (no sister chromatids, no homologous chromosomes), making it incredibly vulnerable to any genomic insults over an extended time (typically days-weeks). Second, the sperm genome becomes transcriptionally silent, making it difficult to respond to new perturbations as spermiogenesis progresses. Third, the histone-to-protamine transition, which is essential to package the sperm genome, counterintuitively involves DNA break formation. How spermiogenesis handles these challenges remains poorly understood. In this review, we discuss each challenge and their intersection with the biology of protamines. Finally, we discuss the implication of protamines in the process of evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:39:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00dc7ae8835f4c7fa15e2cd8fabda848 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1949-1034 1949-1042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:39:01Z |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nucleus |
| spelling | doaj.art-00dc7ae8835f4c7fa15e2cd8fabda8482024-04-10T03:29:04ZengTaylor & Francis GroupNucleus1949-10341949-10422024-12-0115110.1080/19491034.2024.2339220Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesisMaiko Kitaoka0Yukiko M. Yamashita1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USAWhitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USAABSTRACTSpecies’ continuity depends on gametogenesis to produce the only cell types that can transmit genetic information across generations. Spermiogenesis, which encompasses post-meiotic, haploid stages of male gametogenesis, is a process that leads to the formation of sperm cells well-known for their motility. Spermiogenesis faces three major challenges. First, after two rounds of meiotic divisions, the genome lacks repair templates (no sister chromatids, no homologous chromosomes), making it incredibly vulnerable to any genomic insults over an extended time (typically days-weeks). Second, the sperm genome becomes transcriptionally silent, making it difficult to respond to new perturbations as spermiogenesis progresses. Third, the histone-to-protamine transition, which is essential to package the sperm genome, counterintuitively involves DNA break formation. How spermiogenesis handles these challenges remains poorly understood. In this review, we discuss each challenge and their intersection with the biology of protamines. Finally, we discuss the implication of protamines in the process of evolution.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19491034.2024.2339220DNA damageDouble stranded breaks (DSB)genome integrityprotaminesSpermiogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Maiko Kitaoka Yukiko M. Yamashita Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis Nucleus DNA damage Double stranded breaks (DSB) genome integrity protamines Spermiogenesis |
| title | Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis |
| title_full | Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis |
| title_short | Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis |
| title_sort | running the gauntlet challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis |
| topic | DNA damage Double stranded breaks (DSB) genome integrity protamines Spermiogenesis |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19491034.2024.2339220 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT maikokitaoka runningthegauntletchallengestogenomeintegrityinspermiogenesis AT yukikomyamashita runningthegauntletchallengestogenomeintegrityinspermiogenesis |