Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder manifested as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) characterized by intestinal inflammation and involves a dysregulated immune response against commensal microbiota through the activation of CD4 T helper cells. T helper cell differen...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3379 |
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| author | Shin-Huei Fu Ming-Wei Chien Chao-Yuan Hsu Yu-Wen Liu Huey-Kang Sytwu |
| author_facet | Shin-Huei Fu Ming-Wei Chien Chao-Yuan Hsu Yu-Wen Liu Huey-Kang Sytwu |
| author_sort | Shin-Huei Fu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder manifested as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) characterized by intestinal inflammation and involves a dysregulated immune response against commensal microbiota through the activation of CD4 T helper cells. T helper cell differentiation to effector or regulatory phenotypes is controlled by cytokine networks and transcriptional regulators. Distinct polarized T helper cells are able to alter their phenotypes to adapt to diverse and fluctuating physiological environments. T helper cells exhibit intrinsic instability and flexibility to express cytokines of other lineages or transdifferentiate from one T helper cell type to another in response to various perturbations from physiological cytokine milieu as a means of promoting local immunity in response to injury or ensure tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, functional plasticity and diversity of T helper cells are associated with pathogenicity and are critical for immune homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity. In this review, we provide deeper insights into the combinatorial extrinsic and intrinsic signals that control plasticity and transdifferentiation of T helper cells and also highlight the potential of exploiting the genetic reprogramming plasticity of T helper cells in the treatment of IBD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:55:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00e3be18a8e84f3ebb35752d530c9722 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:55:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-00e3be18a8e84f3ebb35752d530c97222023-11-20T00:00:24ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-05-01219337910.3390/ijms21093379Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseShin-Huei Fu0Ming-Wei Chien1Chao-Yuan Hsu2Yu-Wen Liu3Huey-Kang Sytwu4National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, TaiwanNational Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, TaiwanNational Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, TaiwanMolecular Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, TaiwanNational Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, TaiwanInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder manifested as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) characterized by intestinal inflammation and involves a dysregulated immune response against commensal microbiota through the activation of CD4 T helper cells. T helper cell differentiation to effector or regulatory phenotypes is controlled by cytokine networks and transcriptional regulators. Distinct polarized T helper cells are able to alter their phenotypes to adapt to diverse and fluctuating physiological environments. T helper cells exhibit intrinsic instability and flexibility to express cytokines of other lineages or transdifferentiate from one T helper cell type to another in response to various perturbations from physiological cytokine milieu as a means of promoting local immunity in response to injury or ensure tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, functional plasticity and diversity of T helper cells are associated with pathogenicity and are critical for immune homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity. In this review, we provide deeper insights into the combinatorial extrinsic and intrinsic signals that control plasticity and transdifferentiation of T helper cells and also highlight the potential of exploiting the genetic reprogramming plasticity of T helper cells in the treatment of IBD.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3379T helper cellscytokinestranscription factorsplasticitytransdifferentiationconversion |
| spellingShingle | Shin-Huei Fu Ming-Wei Chien Chao-Yuan Hsu Yu-Wen Liu Huey-Kang Sytwu Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences T helper cells cytokines transcription factors plasticity transdifferentiation conversion |
| title | Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_full | Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_fullStr | Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_short | Interplay between Cytokine Circuitry and Transcriptional Regulation Shaping Helper T Cell Pathogenicity and Plasticity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_sort | interplay between cytokine circuitry and transcriptional regulation shaping helper t cell pathogenicity and plasticity in inflammatory bowel disease |
| topic | T helper cells cytokines transcription factors plasticity transdifferentiation conversion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3379 |
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