Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review
Neural oscillations are repetitive patterns of neural activity in the central nervous systems. Oscillations of the neurons in different frequency bands are evident in electroencephalograms and local field potential measurements. These oscillations are understood to be one of the key mechanisms for c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/4/414 |
| _version_ | 1797539996519890944 |
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| author | Lekshmy Sudha Kumari Abbas Z. Kouzani |
| author_facet | Lekshmy Sudha Kumari Abbas Z. Kouzani |
| author_sort | Lekshmy Sudha Kumari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neural oscillations are repetitive patterns of neural activity in the central nervous systems. Oscillations of the neurons in different frequency bands are evident in electroencephalograms and local field potential measurements. These oscillations are understood to be one of the key mechanisms for carrying out normal functioning of the brain. Abnormality in any of these frequency bands of oscillations can lead to impairments in different cognitive and memory functions leading to different pathological conditions of the nervous system. However, the exact role of these neural oscillations in establishing various brain functions is still under investigation. Closed loop deep brain stimulation paradigms with neural oscillations as biomarkers could be used as a mechanism to understand the function of these oscillations. For making use of the neural oscillations as biomarkers to manipulate the frequency band of the oscillation, phase of the oscillation, and stimulation signal are of importance. This paper reviews recent trends in deep brain stimulation systems and their non-invasive counterparts, in the use of phase specific stimulation to manipulate individual neural oscillations. In particular, the paper reviews the methods adopted in different brain stimulation systems and devices for stimulating at a definite phase to further optimize closed loop brain stimulation strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:53:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-00f287ee3e0a45c193dac39b679dfb08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:53:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-00f287ee3e0a45c193dac39b679dfb082023-11-21T12:03:28ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252021-03-0111441410.3390/brainsci11040414Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A ReviewLekshmy Sudha Kumari0Abbas Z. Kouzani1School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, AustraliaSchool of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, AustraliaNeural oscillations are repetitive patterns of neural activity in the central nervous systems. Oscillations of the neurons in different frequency bands are evident in electroencephalograms and local field potential measurements. These oscillations are understood to be one of the key mechanisms for carrying out normal functioning of the brain. Abnormality in any of these frequency bands of oscillations can lead to impairments in different cognitive and memory functions leading to different pathological conditions of the nervous system. However, the exact role of these neural oscillations in establishing various brain functions is still under investigation. Closed loop deep brain stimulation paradigms with neural oscillations as biomarkers could be used as a mechanism to understand the function of these oscillations. For making use of the neural oscillations as biomarkers to manipulate the frequency band of the oscillation, phase of the oscillation, and stimulation signal are of importance. This paper reviews recent trends in deep brain stimulation systems and their non-invasive counterparts, in the use of phase specific stimulation to manipulate individual neural oscillations. In particular, the paper reviews the methods adopted in different brain stimulation systems and devices for stimulating at a definite phase to further optimize closed loop brain stimulation strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/4/414brain stimulationphase-specific brain stimulationneural oscillations |
| spellingShingle | Lekshmy Sudha Kumari Abbas Z. Kouzani Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review Brain Sciences brain stimulation phase-specific brain stimulation neural oscillations |
| title | Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review |
| title_full | Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review |
| title_short | Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review |
| title_sort | phase dependent deep brain stimulation a review |
| topic | brain stimulation phase-specific brain stimulation neural oscillations |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/4/414 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lekshmysudhakumari phasedependentdeepbrainstimulationareview AT abbaszkouzani phasedependentdeepbrainstimulationareview |