Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field
Understanding the behavior of nanodroplets converted into microbubbles with applied ultrasound is an important problem in tumor therapeutical and diagnostic applications. In this study, a comprehensive model is proposed to investigate the vaporization process and the direct growth threshold of the n...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723003772 |
| _version_ | 1827580229010325504 |
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| author | Kangyi Feng Xinyue Li Anqi Huang Mingxi Wan Yujin Zong |
| author_facet | Kangyi Feng Xinyue Li Anqi Huang Mingxi Wan Yujin Zong |
| author_sort | Kangyi Feng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the behavior of nanodroplets converted into microbubbles with applied ultrasound is an important problem in tumor therapeutical and diagnostic applications. In this study, a comprehensive model is proposed to investigate the vaporization process and the direct growth threshold of the nanodroplet by following the vapor bubble growth, especially attention devoted to the effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles (PCMBs). It is shown that the ultrasonic energy must be sufficiently strong to counterbalance the natural condensation of the vapor bubble and the tissue stiffness-inhibitory effect. The softer tissue with a lower shear modulus favors the vaporization process, and the nanodroplet has a lower direct growth threshold in the softer tissue. Moreover, the adjacent PCMBs show a suppression effect on the vaporization process due to the negative value of the secondary Bjerknes force, implying an attractive force, preventing the nanodroplet from escaping from the constraint of the adjacent PCMBs. However, according to the linear scattering theory, the attractive force signifies that the constraint is weak, causing the direct growth threshold to increase in the range of 0.09–0.24 MPa. The weak increase in threshold demonstrates that the direct growth threshold is relatively unaffected by the adjacent PCMBs. The prediction results of our model are in good agreement with the experiment results obtained by the echo enhancement method, in which the threshold is relatively independent of the intermediate concentration. The findings presented here provide physical insight that will be further helpful in understanding the complex behavior of the nanodroplet responses to ultrasound in practical medical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:14:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-010dc2e2bcc049569046516fe7509748 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1350-4177 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:14:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-010dc2e2bcc049569046516fe75097482023-12-19T04:16:36ZengElsevierUltrasonics Sonochemistry1350-41772023-12-01101106665Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic fieldKangyi Feng0Xinyue Li1Anqi Huang2Mingxi Wan3Yujin Zong4The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of ChinaCorresponding authors.; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of ChinaCorresponding authors.; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of ChinaUnderstanding the behavior of nanodroplets converted into microbubbles with applied ultrasound is an important problem in tumor therapeutical and diagnostic applications. In this study, a comprehensive model is proposed to investigate the vaporization process and the direct growth threshold of the nanodroplet by following the vapor bubble growth, especially attention devoted to the effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles (PCMBs). It is shown that the ultrasonic energy must be sufficiently strong to counterbalance the natural condensation of the vapor bubble and the tissue stiffness-inhibitory effect. The softer tissue with a lower shear modulus favors the vaporization process, and the nanodroplet has a lower direct growth threshold in the softer tissue. Moreover, the adjacent PCMBs show a suppression effect on the vaporization process due to the negative value of the secondary Bjerknes force, implying an attractive force, preventing the nanodroplet from escaping from the constraint of the adjacent PCMBs. However, according to the linear scattering theory, the attractive force signifies that the constraint is weak, causing the direct growth threshold to increase in the range of 0.09–0.24 MPa. The weak increase in threshold demonstrates that the direct growth threshold is relatively unaffected by the adjacent PCMBs. The prediction results of our model are in good agreement with the experiment results obtained by the echo enhancement method, in which the threshold is relatively independent of the intermediate concentration. The findings presented here provide physical insight that will be further helpful in understanding the complex behavior of the nanodroplet responses to ultrasound in practical medical applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723003772NanodropletPhase-changed microbubbleVaporization processThresholdViscoelastic tissue |
| spellingShingle | Kangyi Feng Xinyue Li Anqi Huang Mingxi Wan Yujin Zong Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Nanodroplet Phase-changed microbubble Vaporization process Threshold Viscoelastic tissue |
| title | Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field |
| title_full | Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field |
| title_fullStr | Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field |
| title_short | Effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase-changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field |
| title_sort | effect of tissue viscoelasticity and adjacent phase changed microbubbles on vaporization process and direct growth threshold of nanodroplet in an ultrasonic field |
| topic | Nanodroplet Phase-changed microbubble Vaporization process Threshold Viscoelastic tissue |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723003772 |
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