Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
Abstract Swallowing disorders occur more frequently in older adults. However, the effects of the aging process on neural activation when swallowing are unclear. We aimed to identify neural regions activated during swallowing and evaluate changes in neural activation and neural networks with aging. U...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79782-1 |
| _version_ | 1818749202049531904 |
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| author | Woo-Suk Tae Sekwang Lee Sunyoung Choi Sung-Bom Pyun |
| author_facet | Woo-Suk Tae Sekwang Lee Sunyoung Choi Sung-Bom Pyun |
| author_sort | Woo-Suk Tae |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Swallowing disorders occur more frequently in older adults. However, the effects of the aging process on neural activation when swallowing are unclear. We aimed to identify neural regions activated during swallowing and evaluate changes in neural activation and neural networks with aging. Using a general linear model (GLM) and independent component (IC) analyses, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals were observed in the lateral precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, anterior insular cortices, supramarginal gyri, and medial frontal gyrus during swallowing. The right thalamus and anterior cingulate gyri were found to be active areas by GLM and IC analyses, respectively. In the correlational analyses, age was negatively correlated with BOLD signals of the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices in swallowing tasks. Additionally, correlation analyses between ICs of all participants and age revealed negative correlations in the right supramarginal gyrus, both anterior cingulate cortices, putamen, and cerebellum. In the network analysis, the BOLD signal positively correlated with age in the default mode network (DMN), and was negatively correlated in the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations was significantly decreased in the DMN and increased in swallowing-related areas during swallowing tasks. These results suggest that aging has negative effects on the activation of swallowing-related regions and task-induced deactivation of the DMN. These changes may be used to detect early functional decline during swallowing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T04:00:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0126b03b12e74db79a0a482136777101 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T04:00:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-0126b03b12e74db79a0a4821367771012022-12-21T21:21:43ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-01-011111910.1038/s41598-020-79782-1Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analysesWoo-Suk Tae0Sekwang Lee1Sunyoung Choi2Sung-Bom Pyun3Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of MedicineDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of MedicineClinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineBrain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of MedicineAbstract Swallowing disorders occur more frequently in older adults. However, the effects of the aging process on neural activation when swallowing are unclear. We aimed to identify neural regions activated during swallowing and evaluate changes in neural activation and neural networks with aging. Using a general linear model (GLM) and independent component (IC) analyses, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals were observed in the lateral precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, anterior insular cortices, supramarginal gyri, and medial frontal gyrus during swallowing. The right thalamus and anterior cingulate gyri were found to be active areas by GLM and IC analyses, respectively. In the correlational analyses, age was negatively correlated with BOLD signals of the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices in swallowing tasks. Additionally, correlation analyses between ICs of all participants and age revealed negative correlations in the right supramarginal gyrus, both anterior cingulate cortices, putamen, and cerebellum. In the network analysis, the BOLD signal positively correlated with age in the default mode network (DMN), and was negatively correlated in the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations was significantly decreased in the DMN and increased in swallowing-related areas during swallowing tasks. These results suggest that aging has negative effects on the activation of swallowing-related regions and task-induced deactivation of the DMN. These changes may be used to detect early functional decline during swallowing.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79782-1 |
| spellingShingle | Woo-Suk Tae Sekwang Lee Sunyoung Choi Sung-Bom Pyun Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses Scientific Reports |
| title | Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses |
| title_full | Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses |
| title_fullStr | Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses |
| title_short | Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses |
| title_sort | effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing general linear model and independent component analyses |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79782-1 |
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