HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids
The present study demonstrates that, in addition to interacting with galactosylceramide (GalCer), HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV envelope glycoproteins are able to interact with glucosylceramide (GlcCer), lactosylceramide (LacCer), and ceramide. These interactions were characterized by using three complement...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/14/11730 |
| _version_ | 1797588946550521856 |
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| author | Rémi Planes Elmostafa Bahraoui |
| author_facet | Rémi Planes Elmostafa Bahraoui |
| author_sort | Rémi Planes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study demonstrates that, in addition to interacting with galactosylceramide (GalCer), HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV envelope glycoproteins are able to interact with glucosylceramide (GlcCer), lactosylceramide (LacCer), and ceramide. These interactions were characterized by using three complementary approaches based on molecular binding and physicochemical assays. The binding assays showed that iodinated radiolabeled HIV-1 and HIV-2 glycoproteins (<sup>125</sup>I-gp) interact physically with GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide previously separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) or directly coated on a flexible 96-well plate. These interactions are specific as demonstrated, on the one hand, by the dose-dependent inhibition in the presence of various dilutions of immune, but not non-immune, sera, and, on the other hand, by the absence of interaction of these glycolipids/lipids with <sup>125</sup>I-IgG used as an unrelated control protein. These interactions were further confirmed in a physicochemical assay, based on the capacity of these glycolipids for insertion in a pre-established monomolecular film, as a model of the cell membrane, with each glycolipid/lipid. The addition of HIV envelope glycoproteins, but not ovomucoid protein used as a negative control, resulted in a rapid increase in surface pressure of the glycolipid/lipid films, thus indirectly confirming their interactions with GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide. In summary, we show that HIV and SIV envelope glycoproteins bind to GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide in a dose-dependent, saturable, and specific manner. These interactions may function as receptors of attachment in order to facilitate infection of CD4 low or negative cells or promote interactions with other receptors leading to the activation of signaling pathways or pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:59:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0129d76dff4a4c058eb5887aaae8216c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:59:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0129d76dff4a4c058eb5887aaae8216c2023-11-18T19:44:04ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-07-0124141173010.3390/ijms241411730HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and LipidsRémi Planes0Elmostafa Bahraoui1INFINITY, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Purpan Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse, FranceINFINITY, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Purpan Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse, FranceThe present study demonstrates that, in addition to interacting with galactosylceramide (GalCer), HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV envelope glycoproteins are able to interact with glucosylceramide (GlcCer), lactosylceramide (LacCer), and ceramide. These interactions were characterized by using three complementary approaches based on molecular binding and physicochemical assays. The binding assays showed that iodinated radiolabeled HIV-1 and HIV-2 glycoproteins (<sup>125</sup>I-gp) interact physically with GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide previously separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) or directly coated on a flexible 96-well plate. These interactions are specific as demonstrated, on the one hand, by the dose-dependent inhibition in the presence of various dilutions of immune, but not non-immune, sera, and, on the other hand, by the absence of interaction of these glycolipids/lipids with <sup>125</sup>I-IgG used as an unrelated control protein. These interactions were further confirmed in a physicochemical assay, based on the capacity of these glycolipids for insertion in a pre-established monomolecular film, as a model of the cell membrane, with each glycolipid/lipid. The addition of HIV envelope glycoproteins, but not ovomucoid protein used as a negative control, resulted in a rapid increase in surface pressure of the glycolipid/lipid films, thus indirectly confirming their interactions with GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide. In summary, we show that HIV and SIV envelope glycoproteins bind to GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide in a dose-dependent, saturable, and specific manner. These interactions may function as receptors of attachment in order to facilitate infection of CD4 low or negative cells or promote interactions with other receptors leading to the activation of signaling pathways or pathogenesis.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/14/11730HIV receptorslipidsglycolipids |
| spellingShingle | Rémi Planes Elmostafa Bahraoui HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids International Journal of Molecular Sciences HIV receptors lipids glycolipids |
| title | HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids |
| title_full | HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids |
| title_fullStr | HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids |
| title_full_unstemmed | HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids |
| title_short | HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids |
| title_sort | hiv and siv envelope glycoproteins interact with glycolipids and lipids |
| topic | HIV receptors lipids glycolipids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/14/11730 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT remiplanes hivandsivenvelopeglycoproteinsinteractwithglycolipidsandlipids AT elmostafabahraoui hivandsivenvelopeglycoproteinsinteractwithglycolipidsandlipids |