Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis
Background: Previous observational research has documented an association between age at first childbirth (AFB) and postpartum depression (PPD). However, the causal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the causal effects of AFB on PPD using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (M...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023077083 |
| _version_ | 1797646488684199936 |
|---|---|
| author | Zhaoxing Ou Ziqing Gao Qi Wang Yuhong Lin Dalin Ye |
| author_facet | Zhaoxing Ou Ziqing Gao Qi Wang Yuhong Lin Dalin Ye |
| author_sort | Zhaoxing Ou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Previous observational research has documented an association between age at first childbirth (AFB) and postpartum depression (PPD). However, the causal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the causal effects of AFB on PPD using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Three sets of instrumental variables were obtained from the United Kingdom Biobank (UK Biobank), Neale Lab consortium and a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the PPD phenotype were obtained from the Finngen consortium, which included 13,657 cases and 236,178 controls. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger methods to evaluate causal effects. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and funnel plots. Horizontal pleiotropy and sensitivity were assessed using the MR-Egger intercept test and “leave-one-out” analysis, respectively. Further meta-analysis was performed to validate the robustness of this relationship. Additionally, the potential mediating effects of risk factors associated with PPD were analyzed. Results: Strong causal effects between AFB and PPD was found in both IVW and weighted median methods, which was further supported by meta-analysis (IVW, odds ratio [OR] 0.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.96, p = 0.03]; weighted median, OR 0.59 [95% CI 0.37–0.95, p = 0.03]). The power of the MR supports the robustness of the findings. Heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was not observed. Major depressive disorders, family income levels, and marital stress were identified as potential mediating factors in the causal relationships. Conclusion: Results of MR analysis supported the causal effect of increased AFB in reducing the risk for PPD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:03:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-012be90824124880ba0c616b18192636 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:03:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-012be90824124880ba0c616b181926362023-10-30T06:06:21ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-10-01910e20500Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysisZhaoxing Ou0Ziqing Gao1Qi Wang2Yuhong Lin3Dalin Ye4Department of ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China; Corresponding author. The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Zhuhai 519000, China.Department of ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China; Corresponding author. The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Zhuhai 519000, China.Background: Previous observational research has documented an association between age at first childbirth (AFB) and postpartum depression (PPD). However, the causal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the causal effects of AFB on PPD using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Three sets of instrumental variables were obtained from the United Kingdom Biobank (UK Biobank), Neale Lab consortium and a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the PPD phenotype were obtained from the Finngen consortium, which included 13,657 cases and 236,178 controls. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger methods to evaluate causal effects. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and funnel plots. Horizontal pleiotropy and sensitivity were assessed using the MR-Egger intercept test and “leave-one-out” analysis, respectively. Further meta-analysis was performed to validate the robustness of this relationship. Additionally, the potential mediating effects of risk factors associated with PPD were analyzed. Results: Strong causal effects between AFB and PPD was found in both IVW and weighted median methods, which was further supported by meta-analysis (IVW, odds ratio [OR] 0.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.96, p = 0.03]; weighted median, OR 0.59 [95% CI 0.37–0.95, p = 0.03]). The power of the MR supports the robustness of the findings. Heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was not observed. Major depressive disorders, family income levels, and marital stress were identified as potential mediating factors in the causal relationships. Conclusion: Results of MR analysis supported the causal effect of increased AFB in reducing the risk for PPD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023077083Age at first childbirthPostpartum depressionRisk factorCausal effectsMendelian randomization |
| spellingShingle | Zhaoxing Ou Ziqing Gao Qi Wang Yuhong Lin Dalin Ye Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis Heliyon Age at first childbirth Postpartum depression Risk factor Causal effects Mendelian randomization |
| title | Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_full | Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_fullStr | Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_short | Association between age at first birth and postpartum depression: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis |
| title_sort | association between age at first birth and postpartum depression a two sample mendelian randomization analysis |
| topic | Age at first childbirth Postpartum depression Risk factor Causal effects Mendelian randomization |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023077083 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhaoxingou associationbetweenageatfirstbirthandpostpartumdepressionatwosamplemendelianrandomizationanalysis AT ziqinggao associationbetweenageatfirstbirthandpostpartumdepressionatwosamplemendelianrandomizationanalysis AT qiwang associationbetweenageatfirstbirthandpostpartumdepressionatwosamplemendelianrandomizationanalysis AT yuhonglin associationbetweenageatfirstbirthandpostpartumdepressionatwosamplemendelianrandomizationanalysis AT dalinye associationbetweenageatfirstbirthandpostpartumdepressionatwosamplemendelianrandomizationanalysis |