Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease
Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the cell. ROS have important roles in a wide range of physiological processes; however, high ROS levels are associated with o...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/12/2345 |
| _version_ | 1797461666255863808 |
|---|---|
| author | Vy Ngo Martin L. Duennwald |
| author_facet | Vy Ngo Martin L. Duennwald |
| author_sort | Vy Ngo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the cell. ROS have important roles in a wide range of physiological processes; however, high ROS levels are associated with oxidative stress and disease progression. Oxidative stress has been implicated in nearly all major human diseases, from neurogenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Antioxidant defence systems have evolved as a means of protection against oxidative stress, with the transcription factor Nrf2 as the key regulator. Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress and has been extensively studied in the disease contexts. This review aims to provide the reader with a general overview of oxidative stress and Nrf2, including basic mechanisms of Nrf2 activation and regulation, and implications in various major human diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:23:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-013b9aeb472b4cecb78c6e7d890dc6af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:23:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-013b9aeb472b4cecb78c6e7d890dc6af2023-11-24T12:56:28ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-11-011112234510.3390/antiox11122345Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human DiseaseVy Ngo0Martin L. Duennwald1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, CanadaDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, CanadaOrganisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the cell. ROS have important roles in a wide range of physiological processes; however, high ROS levels are associated with oxidative stress and disease progression. Oxidative stress has been implicated in nearly all major human diseases, from neurogenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Antioxidant defence systems have evolved as a means of protection against oxidative stress, with the transcription factor Nrf2 as the key regulator. Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress and has been extensively studied in the disease contexts. This review aims to provide the reader with a general overview of oxidative stress and Nrf2, including basic mechanisms of Nrf2 activation and regulation, and implications in various major human diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/12/2345Nrf2oxidative stressantioxidantantioxidant response |
| spellingShingle | Vy Ngo Martin L. Duennwald Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease Antioxidants Nrf2 oxidative stress antioxidant antioxidant response |
| title | Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease |
| title_full | Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease |
| title_fullStr | Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease |
| title_short | Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease |
| title_sort | nrf2 and oxidative stress a general overview of mechanisms and implications in human disease |
| topic | Nrf2 oxidative stress antioxidant antioxidant response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/12/2345 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vyngo nrf2andoxidativestressageneraloverviewofmechanismsandimplicationsinhumandisease AT martinlduennwald nrf2andoxidativestressageneraloverviewofmechanismsandimplicationsinhumandisease |