Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment
<i>Introduction</i>: Gut microbiota is not only a taxonomic biologic ecosystem but is also involved in human intestinal and extra-intestinal functions such as immune system modulation, nutrient absorption and digestion, as well as metabolism regulation. The latter is strictly linked to n...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/11/1559 |
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| author | Ludovico Abenavoli Valentina Maurizi Emanuele Rinninella Jan Tack Arianna Di Berardino Pierangelo Santori Carlo Rasetti Anna Caterina Procopio Luigi Boccuto Emidio Scarpellini |
| author_facet | Ludovico Abenavoli Valentina Maurizi Emanuele Rinninella Jan Tack Arianna Di Berardino Pierangelo Santori Carlo Rasetti Anna Caterina Procopio Luigi Boccuto Emidio Scarpellini |
| author_sort | Ludovico Abenavoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Introduction</i>: Gut microbiota is not only a taxonomic biologic ecosystem but is also involved in human intestinal and extra-intestinal functions such as immune system modulation, nutrient absorption and digestion, as well as metabolism regulation. The latter is strictly linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathophysiology. <i>Materials and methods</i>: We reviewed the literature on the definition of gut microbiota, the concepts of “dysbiosis” and “eubiosis”, their role in NAFLD pathogenesis, and the data on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in these patients. We consulted the main medical databases using the following keywords, acronyms, and their associations: gut microbiota, eubiosis, dysbiosis, bile acids, NAFLD, and FMT. <i>Results</i>: Gut microbiota qualitative and quantitative composition is different in healthy subjects vs. NALFD patients. This dysbiosis is associated with and involved in NAFLD pathogenesis and evolution to non-acoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In detail, microbial-driven metabolism of bile acids (BAs) and interaction with hepatic and intestinal farnesoid nuclear X receptor (FXR) have shown a determinant role in liver fat deposition and the development of fibrosis. Over the use of pre- or probiotics, FMT has shown preclinical and initial clinical promising results in NAFLD treatment through re-modulation of microbial dysbiosis. <i>Conclusions</i>: Promising clinical data support a larger investigation of gut microbiota dysbiosis reversion through FMT in NAFLD using randomized clinical trials to design precision-medicine treatments for these patients at different disease stages. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:51:28Z |
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| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:51:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-015a8e27a37544e182f55b441624eca92023-11-24T05:46:47ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442022-10-015811155910.3390/medicina58111559Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD TreatmentLudovico Abenavoli0Valentina Maurizi1Emanuele Rinninella2Jan Tack3Arianna Di Berardino4Pierangelo Santori5Carlo Rasetti6Anna Caterina Procopio7Luigi Boccuto8Emidio Scarpellini9Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyInternal Medicine Residency Program, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, ItalyClinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyT.A.R.G.I.D., Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumClinical Nutrition and Internal Medicine Unit, “Madonna del Soccorso” General Hospital, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, ItalyHepatology and Internal Medicine Unit, “Madonna del Soccorso” General Hospital, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, ItalyClinical Nutrition and Internal Medicine Unit, “Madonna del Soccorso” General Hospital, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyHealthcare Genetics and Genomics Doctoral Program, School of Nursing, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, 105 Sikes Hall, Clemson, SC 29631, USAT.A.R.G.I.D., Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium<i>Introduction</i>: Gut microbiota is not only a taxonomic biologic ecosystem but is also involved in human intestinal and extra-intestinal functions such as immune system modulation, nutrient absorption and digestion, as well as metabolism regulation. The latter is strictly linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathophysiology. <i>Materials and methods</i>: We reviewed the literature on the definition of gut microbiota, the concepts of “dysbiosis” and “eubiosis”, their role in NAFLD pathogenesis, and the data on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in these patients. We consulted the main medical databases using the following keywords, acronyms, and their associations: gut microbiota, eubiosis, dysbiosis, bile acids, NAFLD, and FMT. <i>Results</i>: Gut microbiota qualitative and quantitative composition is different in healthy subjects vs. NALFD patients. This dysbiosis is associated with and involved in NAFLD pathogenesis and evolution to non-acoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In detail, microbial-driven metabolism of bile acids (BAs) and interaction with hepatic and intestinal farnesoid nuclear X receptor (FXR) have shown a determinant role in liver fat deposition and the development of fibrosis. Over the use of pre- or probiotics, FMT has shown preclinical and initial clinical promising results in NAFLD treatment through re-modulation of microbial dysbiosis. <i>Conclusions</i>: Promising clinical data support a larger investigation of gut microbiota dysbiosis reversion through FMT in NAFLD using randomized clinical trials to design precision-medicine treatments for these patients at different disease stages.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/11/1559gut microbiotaeubiosisdysbiosisbile acidsNAFLDFMT |
| spellingShingle | Ludovico Abenavoli Valentina Maurizi Emanuele Rinninella Jan Tack Arianna Di Berardino Pierangelo Santori Carlo Rasetti Anna Caterina Procopio Luigi Boccuto Emidio Scarpellini Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment Medicina gut microbiota eubiosis dysbiosis bile acids NAFLD FMT |
| title | Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment |
| title_full | Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment |
| title_short | Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment |
| title_sort | fecal microbiota transplantation in nafld treatment |
| topic | gut microbiota eubiosis dysbiosis bile acids NAFLD FMT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/11/1559 |
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