Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions
Adequate chill is of great importance for successful production of deciduous fruit trees. However, temperate fruit trees grown under tropical and subtropical regions may face insufficient winter chill, which has a crucial role in dormancy and productivity. The objective of this review is to discuss...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/4/86 |
| _version_ | 1797537161160949760 |
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| author | Abdel-Moety Salama Ahmed Ezzat Hassan El-Ramady Shamel M. Alam-Eldein Sameh K. Okba Hayam M. Elmenofy Islam F. Hassan Attila Illés Imre J. Holb |
| author_facet | Abdel-Moety Salama Ahmed Ezzat Hassan El-Ramady Shamel M. Alam-Eldein Sameh K. Okba Hayam M. Elmenofy Islam F. Hassan Attila Illés Imre J. Holb |
| author_sort | Abdel-Moety Salama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adequate chill is of great importance for successful production of deciduous fruit trees. However, temperate fruit trees grown under tropical and subtropical regions may face insufficient winter chill, which has a crucial role in dormancy and productivity. The objective of this review is to discuss the challenges for dormancy and chilling requirements of temperate fruit trees, especially in warm winter regions, under climate change conditions. After defining climate change and dormancy, the effects of climate change on various parameters of temperate fruit trees are described. Then, dormancy breaking chemicals and organic compounds, as well as some aspects of the mechanism of dormancy breaking, are demonstrated. After this, the relationships between dormancy and chilling requirements are delineated and challenging aspects of chilling requirements in climate change conditions and in warm winter environments are demonstrated. Experts have sought to develop models for estimating chilling requirements and dormancy breaking in order to improve the adaption of temperate fruit trees under tropical and subtropical environments. Some of these models and their uses are described in the final section of this review. In conclusion, global warming has led to chill deficit during winter, which may become a limiting factor in the near future for the growth of temperate fruit trees in the tropics and subtropics. With the increasing rate of climate change, improvements in some managing tools (e.g., discovering new, more effective dormancy breaking organic compounds; breeding new, climate-smart cultivars in order to solve problems associated with dormancy and chilling requirements; and improving dormancy and chilling forecasting models) have the potential to solve the challenges of dormancy and chilling requirements for temperate fruit tree production in warm winter fruit tree growing regions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:11:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-015b4a5762044ae5a023db94ef47470b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:11:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-015b4a5762044ae5a023db94ef47470b2023-11-21T16:08:50ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242021-04-01748610.3390/horticulturae7040086Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter RegionsAbdel-Moety Salama0Ahmed Ezzat1Hassan El-Ramady2Shamel M. Alam-Eldein3Sameh K. Okba4Hayam M. Elmenofy5Islam F. Hassan6Attila Illés7Imre J. Holb8Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, EgyptDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, EgyptDepartment of Soil and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, EgyptDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, EgyptAgricultural Research Center, Deciduous Fruit Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Giza 12619, EgyptAgricultural Research Center, Fruit Handling Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Giza 12619, EgyptNational Research Centre, Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Division, Giza 12622, EgyptFruit Consulting Ltd., 4765 Csenger, HungaryEötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, 1022 Budapest, HungaryAdequate chill is of great importance for successful production of deciduous fruit trees. However, temperate fruit trees grown under tropical and subtropical regions may face insufficient winter chill, which has a crucial role in dormancy and productivity. The objective of this review is to discuss the challenges for dormancy and chilling requirements of temperate fruit trees, especially in warm winter regions, under climate change conditions. After defining climate change and dormancy, the effects of climate change on various parameters of temperate fruit trees are described. Then, dormancy breaking chemicals and organic compounds, as well as some aspects of the mechanism of dormancy breaking, are demonstrated. After this, the relationships between dormancy and chilling requirements are delineated and challenging aspects of chilling requirements in climate change conditions and in warm winter environments are demonstrated. Experts have sought to develop models for estimating chilling requirements and dormancy breaking in order to improve the adaption of temperate fruit trees under tropical and subtropical environments. Some of these models and their uses are described in the final section of this review. In conclusion, global warming has led to chill deficit during winter, which may become a limiting factor in the near future for the growth of temperate fruit trees in the tropics and subtropics. With the increasing rate of climate change, improvements in some managing tools (e.g., discovering new, more effective dormancy breaking organic compounds; breeding new, climate-smart cultivars in order to solve problems associated with dormancy and chilling requirements; and improving dormancy and chilling forecasting models) have the potential to solve the challenges of dormancy and chilling requirements for temperate fruit tree production in warm winter fruit tree growing regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/4/86deciduous fruit treesbud phenologybud dormancyendo-dormancypara-dormancyeco-dormancy |
| spellingShingle | Abdel-Moety Salama Ahmed Ezzat Hassan El-Ramady Shamel M. Alam-Eldein Sameh K. Okba Hayam M. Elmenofy Islam F. Hassan Attila Illés Imre J. Holb Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions Horticulturae deciduous fruit trees bud phenology bud dormancy endo-dormancy para-dormancy eco-dormancy |
| title | Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions |
| title_full | Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions |
| title_fullStr | Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions |
| title_short | Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions |
| title_sort | temperate fruit trees under climate change challenges for dormancy and chilling requirements in warm winter regions |
| topic | deciduous fruit trees bud phenology bud dormancy endo-dormancy para-dormancy eco-dormancy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/4/86 |
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