Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challenges
Green fuel represents one of the most promising means of sustainably replacing liquid fuels, and freshwater macrophytes has become one of the auspicious substrates for biofuel production due to high cellulose and hemicellulose contents. In this study, the use of Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea alb...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific African |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003180 |
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| author | Ihuoma N. Anyanwu Chinelo S. Okeke Samuel C. Nwankwo Millicent O. Nwachukwu Michael O. Michael Vincent C. Opara Chioma O. Anorue Onyedikachi C. Azuama Precious O. Oti Leona E. Ekechukwu Chika M. Ezenwa Emmanuel B. Chamba |
| author_facet | Ihuoma N. Anyanwu Chinelo S. Okeke Samuel C. Nwankwo Millicent O. Nwachukwu Michael O. Michael Vincent C. Opara Chioma O. Anorue Onyedikachi C. Azuama Precious O. Oti Leona E. Ekechukwu Chika M. Ezenwa Emmanuel B. Chamba |
| author_sort | Ihuoma N. Anyanwu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Green fuel represents one of the most promising means of sustainably replacing liquid fuels, and freshwater macrophytes has become one of the auspicious substrates for biofuel production due to high cellulose and hemicellulose contents. In this study, the use of Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea alba Linn for biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas production was investigated with other feedstocks (rice husk and biochar) using dry and wet extraction methods. Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea alba Linn were harvested from a freshwater lake in Ndufu Echara in Ikwo Local Government, Ebonyi State, Nigeria and thoroughly washed. Biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas production by an alkali-catalysed transesterification using mechanical and chemical methods, acid and base simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, and anaerobic digestion was carried out, respectively. Results showed that freshwater macrophytes produced more biodiesel compared to rice husk and biochar. S. porticalis and Nymphaea L. yielded higher biodiesel using chemical and mechanical methods, respectively. Quality evaluation of the diesel oil according to ASTM standard revealed that chemical method was the most proficient for biodiesel production because of its proximity to ASTM D6751 standard. For bioethanol, acid hydrolysis (1M HCl) produced more bioethanol than the base (1M NaOH) with Nymphaea L. yielding 60% ethanol. However, the macrophytes did not generate biogas after 30-d of anaerobic digestion compared to other feedstocks. Further analysis revealed sample acidification and inhibitions on the anaerobes responsible for anaerobic digestion (p<0.05). This suggests that acidification and/or toxicity may be a major factor associated with anaerobic digestion and biogas production from aquatic macrophytes. Thus, optimization and/or combined pre-treatment methods (biological, mechanical, enzymatic) are recommended. This suggests that Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea alba Linn could be major substrates for biofuel production, and tropical freshwater ecosystems can be good for their large-scale cultivation |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:29:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0165c2837a324912b4d3e0e817465f5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2468-2276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:29:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific African |
| spelling | doaj.art-0165c2837a324912b4d3e0e817465f5e2022-12-22T04:21:53ZengElsevierScientific African2468-22762022-11-0118e01412Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challengesIhuoma N. Anyanwu0Chinelo S. Okeke1Samuel C. Nwankwo2Millicent O. Nwachukwu3Michael O. Michael4Vincent C. Opara5Chioma O. Anorue6Onyedikachi C. Azuama7Precious O. Oti8Leona E. Ekechukwu9Chika M. Ezenwa10Emmanuel B. Chamba11Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Corresponding author.Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Social Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Education, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaFaculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Faculty of Social Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Faculty of Education, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Imo State University, P.M.B 2000, Owerri, Imo State, NigeriaCSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, GhanaGreen fuel represents one of the most promising means of sustainably replacing liquid fuels, and freshwater macrophytes has become one of the auspicious substrates for biofuel production due to high cellulose and hemicellulose contents. In this study, the use of Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea alba Linn for biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas production was investigated with other feedstocks (rice husk and biochar) using dry and wet extraction methods. Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea alba Linn were harvested from a freshwater lake in Ndufu Echara in Ikwo Local Government, Ebonyi State, Nigeria and thoroughly washed. Biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas production by an alkali-catalysed transesterification using mechanical and chemical methods, acid and base simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, and anaerobic digestion was carried out, respectively. Results showed that freshwater macrophytes produced more biodiesel compared to rice husk and biochar. S. porticalis and Nymphaea L. yielded higher biodiesel using chemical and mechanical methods, respectively. Quality evaluation of the diesel oil according to ASTM standard revealed that chemical method was the most proficient for biodiesel production because of its proximity to ASTM D6751 standard. For bioethanol, acid hydrolysis (1M HCl) produced more bioethanol than the base (1M NaOH) with Nymphaea L. yielding 60% ethanol. However, the macrophytes did not generate biogas after 30-d of anaerobic digestion compared to other feedstocks. Further analysis revealed sample acidification and inhibitions on the anaerobes responsible for anaerobic digestion (p<0.05). This suggests that acidification and/or toxicity may be a major factor associated with anaerobic digestion and biogas production from aquatic macrophytes. Thus, optimization and/or combined pre-treatment methods (biological, mechanical, enzymatic) are recommended. This suggests that Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea alba Linn could be major substrates for biofuel production, and tropical freshwater ecosystems can be good for their large-scale cultivationhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003180Freshwater macrophytesBiodieselBioethanolBiogasAcidificationMicrobes |
| spellingShingle | Ihuoma N. Anyanwu Chinelo S. Okeke Samuel C. Nwankwo Millicent O. Nwachukwu Michael O. Michael Vincent C. Opara Chioma O. Anorue Onyedikachi C. Azuama Precious O. Oti Leona E. Ekechukwu Chika M. Ezenwa Emmanuel B. Chamba Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challenges Scientific African Freshwater macrophytes Biodiesel Bioethanol Biogas Acidification Microbes |
| title | Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challenges |
| title_full | Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challenges |
| title_fullStr | Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challenges |
| title_short | Aquatic macrophytes (Spirogyra porticalis and Nymphaea L.) as substrates for biofuel production: potentials and challenges |
| title_sort | aquatic macrophytes spirogyra porticalis and nymphaea l as substrates for biofuel production potentials and challenges |
| topic | Freshwater macrophytes Biodiesel Bioethanol Biogas Acidification Microbes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003180 |
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